We previously reported that high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) of 200 MPa for 10 minutes could induce cell killing. In this study, we explored whether HHP at 200 MPa or HHP at lower pressure, in combination with hyposmotic distilled water (DW), could inactivate the skin, as well as cultured cells. We investigated the inactivation of porcine skin samples 4 mm in diameter. They were immersed in eith...

Recent animal studies and preliminary clinical observations suggest that the addition of interposed abdominal compressions (IAC) to ventilation and chest compression of standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) augments blood flow, blood pressures, and immediate survival. To investigate the physical basis for enhanced circulation during IAC-CPR, we developed an electrical model of the circul...

Over the past decade, a substantial effort has been made to improve the air quality inside enclosed cabs of both underground and surface mobile mining equipment to reduce respirable dust exposures by the equipment operators. As part of this effort, the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, (NIOSH) completed a comprehensive laboratory study that determined the significant f...

The synergistic effects of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), mild heating, and amino acids on the germination of Clostridium sporogenes spores were examined by determining the number of surviving spores that returned to vegetative growth after pasteurization following these treatments. Pressurization at 200 MPa at a temperature higher than 40°C and treatment with some of the 19 l-amino acids at ...

We use numerical modeling to investigate fault properties that explain key features of the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake as well as the overall regional behavior of the NE Japan Megathrust. In particular, we study the possibility that slip near the trench resulted from thermal pressurization on a shallow patch of the megathrust, and investigate whether low-velocity friction on that patch is...

The material properties of articular cartilage are depth-dependent, i.e. they differ in the superficial, middle and deep zones. The role of this depth-dependent material inhomogeneity in the poromechanical response of the knee joint has not been investigated with patient-specific joint modeling. In the present study, the depth-dependent and site-specific material properties were incorporated in...

[1] Hydraulic diffusivity controls fluid pressure and hence affects effective normal stress during rupture. Models suggest a particularly spectacular example of fluid pressurization during the Mw = 7.6 1999 Chichi earthquake when pressurization may have reduced highfrequency shaking in the regions of large slip if the fault was sufficiently sealed. We investigate in situ hydraulic diffusivity w...

The effects of pre-pressurization on blast-loaded reinforced rectangular aluminum plates were studied experimentally. In this study, small (0.508 x 0.609 x 0.0016 meter) clamped plates with rivet attached reinforcing members were used as a basic model of the fuselage skin of a commercial aircraft. Both un-pressurized and pre-pressurized plates (static pressure of 41.4 kPa (6.0 psi)) were consid...

S51B-05. Tullis, T. E., and D. L. Goldsby (2003b), Laboratory experiments on fault shear resistance relevant to coseismic earthquake slip, SCEC Annual Progress Report for 2003. Vosteen, H.-D., and R. Schellschmidt (2003), Influence of temperature on thermal conductivity, thermal capacity and thermal diffusivity for different types of rock, Phys. Chem. Earth, 28, 499–509. Wibberley, C. A. J. (20...