Although prefrontal cortex is clearly important in executive function, the specific processes carried out by particular regions within human prefrontal cortex remain a matter of debate. A rapidly growing corpus of functional imaging work now implicates various areas within prefrontal cortex in a wide range of "executive" tasks. Loss-of-function studies can help constrain the interpretation of s...

In this article, we consider whether studies in rats can provide useful information regarding the debate about the functions of the primate prefrontal cortex. At a superficial level, comparison of regional specializations within the prefrontal cortices of different species suggests functional correspondence. Unfortunately, the nature of functional specialization in primate prefrontal cortex is ...

The prefrontal cortex has been implicated in a variety of cognitive and executive processes, including working memory, decision-making, inhibitory response control, attentional set-shifting and the temporal integration of voluntary behaviour. This article reviews current progress in our understanding of the rodent prefrontal cortex, especially evidence for functional divergence of the anatomica...

Prefrontal cortex mediates cognitive control by means of circuitry organized along dorso-ventral and rostro-caudal axes. Along the dorso-ventral axis, ventrolateral PFC controls semantic information, whereas dorsolateral PFC encodes task rules. Along the rostro-caudal axis, anterior prefrontal cortex encodes complex rules and relationships between stimuli, whereas posterior prefrontal cortex en...

The effects of experimental lesions of the monkey prefrontal cortex have played a predominant role in current conceptualizations of the functional organization of the lateral prefrontal cortex, especially with regard to working memory. The loss or sparing of certain performance abilities has been shown to be attributable to differences in the specific requirements of behavioral testing (e.g., s...

Overview The goal of this chapter is to describe recent efforts at understanding the functional significance of " prefrontal " areas in the cerebral cortex of rodents with regard to cognitive and motivational control. Previous discussions on the comparative anatomy of the prefrontal cortex have been framed around the question " Do rats have prefrontal cortex? " 46, 61. Researchers using rodents...

OBJECTIVE Behavioral and social impairments have been frequently reported after damage to the prefrontal cortex in humans. This study evaluated social perception in patients with prefrontal cortex lesions and compared their performance on a social perception task with that of healthy volunteers. METHOD Thirty-three patients with prefrontal cortex lesions and 31 healthy volunteers were tested ...

In phylogeny as in ontogeny, the association cortex of the frontal lobe, also known as the prefrontal cortex, is a late-developing region of the neocortex. It is also one of the cortical regions to undergo the greatest expansion in the course of both evolution and individual maturation. In the human adult, the prefrontal cortex constitutes as much as nearly one-third of the totality of the neoc...

Neurofeedback training (NFT) on a healthy participant was used to analyse brainwave activity during resting state. Electrodes were placed the prefrontal cortex and at reference sites conduct experiment. The patient asked remain still rest by sitting in chair. technology then record electrical waves emitted brain activities. After ten cycles with break interval, theta, alpha, high beta brainwave...