STUDY OBJECTIVE We validate the accuracy of a previously derived clinical prediction rule for the identification of children with intra-abdominal injuries after blunt torso trauma. METHODS We conducted a prospective observational study of children with blunt torso trauma who were evaluated for intra-abdominal injury with abdominal computed tomography (CT), diagnostic laparoscopy, or laparotom...

In this paper, we address a new concept to view a social system as consisting of diversified institutions interacting with each other and dynamically changing through actions of individuals in a society. A mathematical framework for the concept is formalized. The framework, called Rule Ecology Dynamics (RED), is an extension of multi game dynamics, in which players play plural games simultaneou...

Rules are a type of human-understandable knowledge, and rule-based methods are very popular in building decision support systems. However, most current rule based classification systems build small classifiers where no rules account for exceptional instances and a default prediction plays a major role in the prediction. In this paper, we discuss two schemes to build rule based classifiers using...