Administrative planning rules and legal challenges can have significant economic impacts on timber salvage programs on public lands. This paper examines the costs of the delay in salvage caused by planning rules and the costs associated with the volume reductions forced by legal challenges in one case study. The fires on the Bitterroot National Forest in the northern Rocky Mountains in the Unit...

Sleep, which is evolutionarily conserved across species, is a biological imperative that cannot be ignored or replaced. However, the percentage of habitually sleep-restricted adults has increased in recent decades. Extended work hours and commutes, shift work schedules, and television viewing are particularly potent social factors that influence sleep duration. Chronic partial sleep restriction...

The research aims to deepen the methodological and organisational-practical principles of energy efficiency for further application in educational buildings thermal modernization.
 relevance work is reduce consumption by increasing buildings. Based on calculations research, following scientific practical results were obtained:
 - a technical inspection building heating system was cond...

“grand policies” are based on philosophical foundation of political regimes, and they are related with strategic problems of political system. because of philosophical nature and strategic level of grand policies, it is recommended that they have not to be numerous. in iranian political system, official structure of policy making procedure begins by the expediency council. this council, accordi...

“grand policies” are based on philosophical foundation of political regimes, and they are related with strategic problems of political system. because of philosophical nature and strategic level of grand policies, it is recommended that they have not to be numerous. in iranian political system, official structure of policy making procedure begins by the expediency council. this council, accordi...

Foundation and management of the newlyestablished Islamic Republic of Iran system based on Imam Khomeini’sintellectual bases, including God-centeredness, obligation- centerednessattitudes, and as...

by prediction of majlis as a legislatory organ and guardian council as a monitoring organ, it is imagined that securing legitimacy (necessary condition) and efficiency (sufficient condition) of the legislation is occurred simultaneously, but in considering to establishment of expediency council and confirmation of majlis opinions in the matter of differences with guardian council observations t...