In this paper we develop a novel approach to conserving energy in battery powered communication devices. There are two salient aspects to this approach. First, the battery powered devices move through multiple, progressively deeper, sleep states in a predictable manner. Nodes in deeper sleep states consume lower energy while asleep but incur a longer delay and higher energy cost to wake up. Sec...

A quasi-optical method for solid-state power-combining is discussed, with application to high-power millimeter-wave generation. The approach uses two-dimensional planar arrays of coupled oscillators. These arrays are distinguished by the strength of the coupling, which is limited to weak interactions. This simplifies both the analysis and design of the arrays. A theoretical description of the c...

EquiX is a search language for XML that combines the power of querying with the simplicity of searching. Requirements for such languages are discussed and it is shown that EquiX meets the necessary criteria. Both a graphical abstract syntax and a formal concrete syntax are presented for EquiX queries. In addition, the semantics is deened and an evaluation algorithm is presented. The evaluation ...

Quasi-optical power combining techniques have been developed to address fundamental limitations in solid-state devices and circuits. These techniques have been applied to oscillators, amplifiers, frequencyconversion components, and control circuits. This paper surveys progress in the development of quasi-optical array systems operating in the microwave and millimeterwave regime, focusing primar...

In order to increase the power of visible diode laser systems in an efficient manner, we propose spectral beam combining with subsequent sum-frequency generation. We show that this approach, in comparison with second harmonic generation of single emitters, can enhance the available power significantly. By combining two distributed Bragg reflector tapered diode lasers we achieve a 2.5-3.2 fold i...

Belief models are used in AI computer applications in a great many roles, both to keep track of the beliefs of users and to simulate the belief states of agents modelled by the system. Epistemic logic is often used as a paradigm for the behaviour of such models, but has problems of computational complexity, which are compounded by the need to include nonmonotonic inferences and change over time...

Probabilistic logic programs without negation can have cycles (with a preference for false), but cannot represent all conditional distributions. Probabilistic logic programs with negation can represent arbitrary conditional probabilities, but with cycles they create logical inconsistencies. We show how allowing negative noise probabilities allows us to represent arbitrary conditional probabilit...

In this study, we introduce a new approach to combine multi-classifiers in an ensemble system. Instead of using numeric membership values encountered in fixed combining rules, we construct interval membership values associated with each class prediction at the level of meta-data of observation by using concepts of information granules. In the proposed method, uncertainty (diversity) of findings...

We present Power Mean Pyramid Scores (PMP), an evaluation metric that extends the Pyramid evaluation scheme for summarization by combining Sentence Content Units (SCU) scores using Power Mean. The Pyramid method generates a summarization score by linearly combining component SCU scores. We find that by combining SCU scores using Power Mean, we can optimize a single parameter, α, leading to sign...