Rice (Oryza sativa) is sensitive to salinity, which affects one-fifth of irrigated land worldwide. Reducing sodium and chloride uptake into rice while maintaining potassium uptake are characteristics that would aid growth under saline conditions. We describe genetic determinants of the net quantity of ions transported to the shoot, clearly distinguishing between quantitative trait loci (QTL) fo...

This investigation aimed to examine the protective function of vitamin E on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) treated with cadmium chloride. Rat bone marrow MSCs were extracted using flashing-out and cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS and 100 U/ml Pen/Strep. At the end of the third passage, cells were divided into 4 groups including control, cadmium chloride, cadmium chloride + vit...

We have used the whole-cell patch-clamp technique to examine the ionic basis for a transient outward current in rabbit ventricular myocytes. High concentrations of intracellular calcium buffer prevented the current, isoproterenol increased it, and cadmium, nisoldipine, ryanodine, or caffeine blocked it. These data are consistent with a current that is calcium activated, by the calcium transient...

The roots of barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Steptoe) were monitored before and after excision for net uptake of carbon dioxide, oxygen, ammonium, potassium, nitrate, and chloride and for their content of sucrose, glucose, fructose, and malic acid. All fluxes began to attenuate within 2 hours after excision. Net potassium uptake returned to control levels 6 hours after excision, but carbon...

The insolubilization of cadmium in the soil of a naturally cadmium-contaminated paddy field was studied using an atomized iron powder and an extracting reagent. Cadmium in the soil was extracted into the water phase by calcium chloride. The extracted cadmium was deposited on the iron powder. The deposition of cadmium was significantly influenced by calcium chloride, since the surface area of th...

The hamster embryo cell bioassay has been used to study the effect of metal salts on morphological transformation. A synergistic enhancement of the transformation frequency was found for the combined treatment with organic carcinogens [benzo(a)pyrene, N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene, and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide] and nickel sulfate, cadmium acetate, or potassium chromate. Chromic chloride and z...

abstract aims: chemical precipitation is a simple, efficient, and cost-effective method for eliminating heavy metals found in landfill leachate. the aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy rates of cadmium removal with the coagulants like poly aluminum chloride and lime using chemical precipitation method. materials & methods: in this experimental study, the raw studied samples wer...

Streptococcus bovis JB1 cells were able to transport serine, threonine, or alanine, but only when they were incubated in sodium buffers. If glucose-energized cells were washed in potassium phosphate and suspended in potassium phosphate buffer, there was no detectable uptake. Cells deenergized with 2-deoxyglucose and incubated in sodium phosphate buffer were still able to transport serine, and t...

Electron probe x-ray microanalysis of the composition of rabbit portal anterior mesenteric vein smooth muscle was performed following sodium loading and washout into sodium-free lithium solutions. Sodium and lithium were also measured with atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Cellular uptake of sodium and loss of potassium during sodium loading were much faster at high (37 degrees C) than at lo...

background: protective effect of emblica against radiation and cadmium induced biochemical changes in mouse kidney has been studied. materials and methods: adult male mice were divided into seven groups: i (shamirradiated), ii (cadmium chloride), iii (irradiated with 2 gy gamma rays), iv (radiation and cadmium chloride), v (cadmium chloride and emblica), vi (radiation and emblica), vii (radiati...