1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride {[cmmim]cl} is utilized as a highly efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes by the condensation reaction of indole with arylaldehydes under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. in summary, the presented method have several advantages including simplicity, low cost, generality, efficiency, clean reaction profi...

The observation that major Himalayan rivers flow parallel to and down the axis of anticlines oriented transverse to the primary structural grain of the range has puzzled geomorphologists for decades. Although there is a general consensus that the courses of trans-Himalayan rivers predate the Himalayan orogeny, the close association of rivers and structural highs would not be expected to result ...

Background We aimed to identify the hierarchy of rates of decline in 16 physical functioning measures in U.S. and English samples, using a systematic and integrative coordinated data analysis approach. Methods The U.S. sample consisted of 13,612 Health and Retirement Study participants, and the English sample consisted of 5,301 English Longitudinal Study of Ageing participants. Functional los...

It is shown that the problem of a possible violation of the Lorentz transformations at Lorentz factors γ > 5×10 10 , indicated by the situation which has developed in the physics of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (the absence of the GZK cutoff), has a nontrivial solution. Its essence consists in the discovery of the so-called generalized Lorentz transformations which seem to correctly link the i...

Abstract The Provincial Government of East Nusa Tenggara Eastern Indonesia has intended to construct a new regional landfill site in Pitay–Kupang, which would accommodate municipal waste two cities. Considering that environmental degradation sites been substantial issue for many developing cities Indonesia, this study evaluates the pre-determined on local scale based geology parameters. It empl...

1. Compared with rivers in more humid, forested ecoregions of eastern and midwestern U.S.A., rivers in semi-arid grassland of the U.S. Great Plains tend to be relatively shallow, more variable in discharge, and characterised by high suspended sediment loads. Although critical life stages of fish in prairie rivers probably depend at least partially on zooplanktonic food, data on community and di...

The Neotropical Ambrysus stali La Rivers species complex is reviewed and includes A. bifidus La Rivers & Nieser, A. scolius La Rivers, A. stali La Rivers, and A. tricuspis La Rivers. Ambrysus oblongulus Montandon is removed as a member of this complex. Features uniting these species are related to male genitalia and associated structures. Ambrysus maya n. sp. is the fifth species in the complex...

the first international convention on maritime transportation is thebrussels’ convention of 1924. this convention was widely acceptedthroughout the world and; thus, lasted for a long time due to the widespreadsupport of the countries possessing fleet for this convention and the lack ofexistence of a legal document in terms of maritime transportation. thepassage of time together with innovations...