Two cases of brain stem stroke involving the upper pons and the ponto-mesencephalic junction presented with transient excessive pathological yawning, associated with gait ataxia and in one subject with upper limb and facial hemiparesis. A causal relation is hypothesised between the brain stem lesion and pathological yawning, possibly related to denervation hypersensitivity of a putative brain s...

Using retrograde transport of the fluorescent dye Evans Blue (EB), in combination with glyoxylic acid histofluorescence, the ponto-spinal catecholaminergic pathways were investigated. The cells which contain catecholamine and project to the lumbar spinal cord of the cat are most densely concentrated in the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus. Locus coeruleus, the subcoeruleus area, and the parabrachial nucle...

Cordylophora caspia, a colonial hydrozoan native to the Ponto-Caspian region, has become a common invader of both fresh and brackish water ecosystems of North America and Europe. We describe 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci for this species. Preliminary analyses indicate that population substructure may contribute to departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. In addition, new loci failed to ...

During a study carried out in spring-summer 2010, the invasive Ponto-Caspian polychaete Hypania invalida (Grube, 1960) was recorded for the first time in the southern part of the River Odra estuary (southern Baltic). This is the first record of this species in Poland or in any a Baltic estuary. The appearance of H. invalida in the Odra estuary coincided with flood water descent in the Odra, sug...