The prediction of pest-control functioning by multi-predator communities is hindered by the non-additive nature of species functioning. Such non-additivity, commonly termed an emergent multi-predator effect, is known to be affected by elements of the ecological context, such as the structure and composition of vegetation, in addition to the traits of the predators themselves. Here we report mes...

BACKGROUND Leafcutter ants depend on the cultivation of symbiotic Attamyces fungi for food, which are thought to be grown by the ants in single-strain, clonal monoculture throughout the hundreds to thousands of gardens within a leafcutter nest. Monoculture eliminates cultivar-cultivar competition that would select for competitive fungal traits that are detrimental to the ants, whereas polycultu...

Freshwater pond polyculture faces many challenges in Europe. Appropriate tools must be developed to better understand and manage trophic interactions ecosystems. The objective of our study was the make inference on fish diet common carp through a combination experiments web modeling. We conducted an experiment small fishponds reared with roach perch used Ecopath Ecosim software characterize foo...

An experiment on the polyculture of carps with high valued small indigenous fish species (SIS) pabda (Ompok pabda) and gulsha (Mystus cavasius) was carried out in six months culture period to evaluate the production performance of carp with small indigenous fish pabda (Ompok pabda) and gulsha (Mystus cavasius) in the on-farm condition. Three stocking densities of pabda and gulsha were tested, k...

The milpa is a traditional maize-based polyculture in Mexico that is typically practiced as rainfed agriculture. Because milpa cultivation has been practiced over a vast range of environmental and cultural conditions, this agroecosystem is recognized as an important repository of biological and cultural diversity. As for any agroecosystem, the relationship between plant development and the biog...

Viral Encephalopathy and Retinopathy (VER) episodes in Southern Europe have led to the isolation of several reassortant NNV strains from different fish species, including Senegalese sole gilthead seabream. Polyculture both species is being developed optimize available resources. However, this farming technique can be threatened by horizontal transmission between diseased or asymptomatic carrier...

Physical enrichment of structures has been used for the last decades in aquaculture to improve fish production and welfare. Until now, this practiced monoculture but not polyculture. In study, we developed a polyculture two freshwater species (pikeperch sterlet) recirculated systems (tank 2.4 m3) with or without physical enrichment. Two types were used: cover plank on part tank decreasing light...