The quantitatively minor phospholipid phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P(2)] fulfills many cellular functions in the plasma membrane (PM), whereas its synthetic precursor, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P), has no assigned PM roles apart from PI(4,5)P(2) synthesis. We used a combination of pharmacological and chemical genetic approaches to probe the function of PM PI4P, mos...

Cells routinely compartmentalize enzymes for enhanced efficiency of their metabolic pathways. Here we report a general approach to construct DNA nanocaged enzymes for enhancing catalytic activity and stability. Nanocaged enzymes are realized by self-assembly into DNA nanocages with well-controlled stoichiometry and architecture that enabled a systematic study of the impact of both encapsulation...

Repetitive abrupt structural changes can be produced in a small piece of cross-linked polyacrylate hydrogel by exchanging the divalent counter-ions in the superficial gel layer to monovalent cations. The temporal variations of the hydrostatic pressure, electric impedance and potential associated with these structural changes frequently show striking resemblance to those encountered during repet...

Polymetalated aromatic compounds are particularly challenging synthetic goals because of the limited thermodynamic stability of polyanionic species arising from strong electrostatic repulsion between adjacent carbanionic sites. Here we describe a facile synthesis of two polyaurated complexes including a tetra-aurated indole and an octa-aurated benzodipyrrole. The imido trinuclear gold(I) moiety...

Corncob is one of the industrial waste has cellulose content of 39.1 wt%, which makes it has high potential to be a raw material in the production of cellulose nanocrystal. Corncob was delignificated with 3.5 wt% HNO3 and NaNO2 10 mg, precipitated process with 17.5 wt% NaOH, and bleached with 10 wt% H2O2. Cellulose nanocrystal was obtained by hydrolysis using 45 wt% H2SO4. Corncob and cellulose...

This paper applied a simple and cost-benefit method for the production of regenerated bacterial cellulose. The inexpensive production of cellulose with complex media derived from wastewater from food industries such as molasses adds a lot of contaminants to the produced bacterial cellulose, which puts a lot of challenges in cellulose purification. Therefore, the present study aimed...