the history of iranian political thought during the islamic era can be divided in 2 parts: middle era and modern era. in the middle era which ended in mashroota revolution, political thought tended to be united with religion, with the rules of thought –genera being based upon religions tents, and the role of reason being only limited to uncritical exposition of the predecessor’s ideas. as a res...

The present article intends to start introduction to the political thinking of          Machiavelli by passing through some key concepts in his thinking, and by placing his idea in the area of political thinking. Surveying ethics in Machiavelli’s political thinking needs     separate individual ethics from political (civil) one.  And explaining Machiavelli’s remarks about the category of ethics...

The science of the word and theology considered as expertise in area of concern of Islam religion in which it discusses about religious principle, approach and worldview based on rational and narrative reasoning and answer to doubts that pose in this area; in Christianity and in general through all monotheism religions, it could be possible to use this method for religious reasoning, it could b...

this article explain unsuccessful iranian intellectuals' attempts in the fields of thoughts and politics through surveying ideas of ehsan tabari and jalal ale-ahmad. it tries to show that theirs ideas have been under hegemony of political formalism; so their naïve attitudes has converted their thought to an ideology which serve to political aims based on a political formalism. this article...