Global incidence of poliomyelitis has reduced by more than 99% since the Global Polio Eradication Initiative was launched in 1988 [1]. In par with the global trend, Sri Lanka has achieved great success with no reported cases since 1993, but still is not declared as a country which has eradicated polio due to prevalence of polioyomyelitis in neighbouring countries [2]. Countries which have eradi...

The Oral Poliomyelitis Vaccine Program initiated in Middletown, Connecticut in the late fall of 1960,1 undertook, among other objectives, to determine some of the factors associated with acceptance of vaccination against poliomyelitis. A number of previous studies`~had indicated that information about public knowledge and attitudes is basic to an intelligent approach to the design and operation...

-The utilization of this technique in virus isolation allowed the production of the first man-made vaccine for polioviruses in 1955, which resulted in the control of poliomyelitis. Poliovirus used to spread in epidemics causing tens of thousands of paralytic illnesses among children and sometimes death. Poliomyelitis still takes place in certain developing countries and some few developed ones,...

A major factor influencing the success of poliomyelitis eradication in the Americas was the reliance on mass immunization campaigns with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). As global poliomyelitis eradication activities accelerate and campaign vaccine delivery strategies are applied elsewhere, it is critical to determine whether the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) is altere...

To determine the prevalence of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) in immunodeficient infants, we reviewed all documented cases caused by immunodeficiency-associated vaccine-derived polioviruses in Iran from 1995 through 2008. Changing to an inactivated polio vaccine vaccination schedule and introduction of screening of neonates for immunodeficiencies could reduce the risk for VAP...

Skeletal muscle injury is known to predispose its sufferers to neurological complications of concurrent poliovirus infections. This phenomenon, labeled "provocation poliomyelitis," continues to cause numerous cases of childhood paralysis due to the administration of unnecessary injections to children in areas where poliovirus is endemic. Recently, it has been reported that intramuscular injecti...

28 days of onset of symptoms, were reported. Residual paralysis was found in only four cases of paralytic poliomyelitis occurring between 5 and 28 days after vaccination, an incidence of 1 in four and a half million doses administered. Three of the four were infants: there was no evidence, as in the United States, of a higher incidence in adults. No particular vaccine batches were implicated. S...

D. S. DANE, B.A., M.B. (Cantab.), Lecturer in Microbiology, Queen's University, Belfast with MOYA BRIGGS, B.Sc., and R. T. NELSON, A.I.M.L.T. IN the summer and early autumn of 1957 there was an epidemic of type 1 poliomyelitis in Northern Ireland. The principle area involved was Belfast County Borough (population approximately 450,000), where there were 162 cases of acute poliomyelitis, of whic...

After the global eradication of wild polioviruses, the risk of paralytic poliomyelitis from polioviruses will still exist and require active management. Possible reintroductions of poliovirus that can spread rapidly in unprotected populations present challenges to policymakers. For example, at least one outbreak will likely occur due to circulation of a neurovirulent vaccine-derived poliovirus ...