Evolutionary ecologists commonly use reaction norms, which show the range of phenotypes produced by a set of genotypes exposed to different environments, to quantify the degree of phenotypic variance and the magnitude of plasticity of morphometric and life-history traits. Significant differences among the values of the slopes of the reaction norms are interpreted as significant differences in p...

background: as fluoride concentration in drinking water is one of the effective parameters in human health, finding the ways to remove excess amount of fluoride is very important in water supply projects. this study aimed to evaluate mendon bauxite mine in the removal of fluoride from drinking water. methods: this experimental study was conducted from may to october 2013 on synthetic and actual...

a total of 148 groundwater samples were collected from bore wells from thirumanimuttar sub-basin for two seasons to identify major geochemical process activated to alter groundwater chemistry. the study revealed relationships with the lithology and anthropogenic process. groundwater in the region was dominated by na – ca – mg and cl and hco3 types. the (ca +mg) versus tz+ plot for both seas...

The 2D seismic reflection data were used to study the structure of Shurau and Sheikh Alas formations (Oligocene) in Ismail area, northern Iraq. horizons reflectors identified based on well logs through a synthetic seismogram construction. Two-Way Time, velocity depth maps two coinciding obtained. A Great coincidence was noticed between identical formations. Main closure (syncline) trending NE-S...

A high sensitive electrochemical nanostructure sensor based on graphene oxide/Fe3O4@SiO2 nanocomposite modified graphite screen printed electrode (GO/Fe3O4@SiO2/SPE) has been developed for trace analysis of acetaminophen. The electrochemical study of the modified electrode, as well as its efficiency for simultaneous voltammetric oxidation of acetaminophen and tryptophan is described. Compared w...

• Fig. 1: Phase diagram • Fig. 2: Approach to the stationary distribution of fitness • Fig. 3: Large population limit of the optimal mutation bias • Fig. 4: Difference in selective coefficients versus population size • Fig. 5: Stability and reduction in sequence entropy versus S • Fig. 6: Mutation bias dependence of |∂σ/∂x|x=1 in the neutral limit. • Fig. 7: Scatter plot of the optimal codon us...