In response to insect feeding on the leaves, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants release elevated levels of volatiles, which can serve as a chemical signal that attracts natural enemies of the herbivore to the damaged plant. Pulse-labeling experiments with [13C]CO2 demonstrated that many of the volatiles released, including the acyclic terpenes (E,E)-[alpha]-farnesene, (E)-[beta]-farnesene, (...

Topical emulsions find their applications in wrinkle reduction (skin aging), acne treatment and, sebum secretions regulation. For various dermatological affections, many topical formulations like sunscreens and anti-aging creams are prepared using plant-based ingredients
 The objective of this study was to formulate an emulsion containing Vitis vinifera. L leaves extract, evaluate its stab...

several plant extracts and phytoconstituents, despite having excellent bioactivity in vitro, demonstrate less or no in vivo actions due to their poor lipid solubility or improper molecular size or destruction in gut. drug delivery system for polyphenolic phytoconstituents (phytosomes) was prepared by complexing polyphenolic phytoconstituents with phospholipid mainly phosphatidylcholine which bi...

Bee pollen is a combination of plant and honeybee secretions nectar. The Bible ancient Egyptian texts are documented proof its use in public health. It considered gold mine nutrition due to active components that have significant health medicinal properties. contains bioactive compounds including proteins, amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, polyphenols. vital bee enhance di...

the dorsal skin of the iranian frog, rana ridibanda, is associated with numerous prominent granular glands which extract their secretions in the response to stressor or invading pathogens .the secretions have broad spectrum antimicrobial effects. in this research the effect of antimicrobial skin secretions from iranian frog (rana ridibanda) has been examined against gram positive methycillin re...

For more than 60 years, sporadic cases of massive summer honey bee larvae mortality in colonies located near freshwater systems with abundant riparian vegetation have been reported in Uruguay. This odd phenomenon, known as "River disease" by beekeepers, can lead to colony death by depopulation. The aim of this study was to detect the causes of larvae death. Different experiments and analyses we...

In the interaction between Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and the generalist herbivorous insect Spodoptera littoralis, little is known about early events in defense signaling and their link to downstream phytohormone pathways. S. littoralis oral secretions induced both Ca²⁺ and phytohormone elevation in Arabidopsis. Plant gene expression induced by oral secretions revealed up-regulation of ...

In the interaction between Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and the generalist herbivorous insect Spodoptera littoralis, little is known about early events in defense signaling and their link to downstream phytohormone pathways. S. littoralis oral secretions induced both Ca and phytohormone elevation in Arabidopsis. Plant gene expression induced by oral secretions revealed upregulation of a g...