In semi-arid regions, trees often wither during the dry season. Withering is sometimes manifest as die-back, whereby whithering results in shoot death, which progresses downward from the uppermost part of the crown. In this study, we measured the relationships between height growth and diameter at breast height, die-back frequency and severity, vessel size and specific hydraulic conductivity of...

Pistachio is a nut with high consumption that can be affected by aflatoxin contamination. Regarding influence of this fungus on global trade, broad studies in this area seem to be necessary. In this research, pistachio nuts were coated with methyl cellulose at different concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, and 2% by immersion method. Samples were stored in an incubator (25°C) for 4 months. Imaging...

The main objective of this work was to design a novel device for compaction of metal powders so that the green parts could be ejected with applying a negligible force and without the need for any lubricant in either an admixed form or applied to the die wall. For this purpose a 40 mm diameter one-piece die was envisaged which would elastically contracted 0.076 mm before compaction and after com...

cold stress is one of the important factors which will reduce crop yield and fruit production in world. Early spring cooling and freezing weather is mostly. Possible this may considerable damage pistachio productions and farmer will lose most of their profit. Therefore study which show how pistachio plant cope freezing weather is valuable and important. The special role of amino acid in plant r...

In the spinal cord of the lamprey, regeneration of giant reticulospinal axons occurs following transection. We show that partial degeneration of the proximal axonal segment, or "die-back," also occurs following spinal transection and it precedes regenerative outgrowth. The die-back during the first 5 days post-transection is reduced significantly by application of a 10-microA DC current across ...

The aim of present study was to enhance topical permeation of clotrimazole gel preparation by using various permeability enhancers such as coconut oil, pistachio oil and sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS). Clotrimazole gel preparations were prepared and optimized by using three factor, five level central composite design. A second-order polynomial equation was generated in order to estimate the effec...

Due to low consumer acceptance and possibility of having immature kernels, closed-shell pistachio nuts have to be separated from open-shell pistachio nuts. The feasibility of a system using non-contact impact acoustics as a means for classifying closed-shell nuts from open-shell nuts has already been shown with better discrimination performance than a mechanical system. The accuracy of an impac...

In this study, the treatment of pistachio nuts by Bacillus subtilis UTBSP1, a promising isolate to degrade aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), caused to reduce the growth of Aspergillus flavus R5 and AFB1 content on pistachio nuts. Fluorescence probes revealed that the cell free supernatant fluid from UTBSP1 affects spore viability considerably. Using high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method, 10 ...

HIGHLIGHTS Adulteration of pistachio products with green pea is common due to price issues. We identified the presence down 0.1% developed protocol. HRM fast and precise for testing authenticity powdered pistachio.

The extent of die-back of the kelp Ecklonia radiata in the Cape Rodney to Okakari Point Marine Reserve. Summary The kelp Ecklonia radiata has undergone high rates of mortality in a region of northeastern New Zealand stretching from Whangarei Heads south to Cape Rodney and east to Great Barrier Island. Die-back of this kelp began in late 1991 and continued up to May 1993, with mortathy of over 9...