Viroporins are virally encoded, membrane-active proteins, which enhance viral replication and assist in egress of viruses from host cells. The 2B proteins in the picornaviridae family are known to have viroporin-like properties, and play critical roles during virus replication. The 2B protein of Hepatitis A Virus (2B), an unusual picornavirus, is somewhat dissimilar from its analogues in severa...

Neonatal porcine diarrhoea of uncertain aetiology has been reported from a number of European countries. The aim of the present study was to use viral metagenomics to examine a potential viral involvement in this diarrhoea and to describe the intestinal virome with focus on eukaryotic viruses. Samples from the distal jejunum of 50 diarrhoeic and 19 healthy piglets from 10 affected herds were an...

During both regulatory and routine surveillance sampling of baitfish from the states of Illinois, Minnesota, Montana, and Wisconsin, USA, isolates (n = 20) of a previously unknown picornavirus were obtained from kidney/spleen or entire viscera of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and brassy minnows (Hybognathus hankinsoni). Following the appearance of a diffuse cytopathic effect, examinatio...

The virome has been increasingly investigated in numerous animal species and in different sites of the body, facilitating the identification and discovery of a variety of viruses. In spite of this, the faecal virome of healthy dogs has not been investigated. In this study we describe the faecal virome of healthy dogs and dogs with acute diarrhoea in Australia, using a shotgun metagenomic approa...

Currently, infections of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) due to Human Enterovirus 71 (EV71) cannot be prevented or treated, as there are no suitable vaccines or antiviral drugs. This study aimed to identify potential vaccine candidates for EV71 using in silico analysis of its viral capsid proteins. A combined in silico approach utilizing computational hidden Markov model (HMM), propensity s...

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is the type species of the Aphthovirus genus of the Picornaviridae: Infection by picornaviruses results in a major rearrangement of the host cell membranes to create vesicular structures where virus genome replication takes place. In this report, using fluorescence and electron microscopy, membrane rearrangements in the cytoplasm of FMDV-infected BHK-38 cells...

In this study, we describe a novel porcine parechovirus-like virus (tentatively named PLV-CHN) from healthy piglets in China using 454 high-throughput sequencing. The complete genome of the virus comprises 6832 bp, encoding a predicted polyprotein of 2132 amino acids that is most similar to Ljungan virus (32% identity). A similar virus that belongs to a novel Picornaviridae genus, named swine p...

Triatoma virus (TrV) is the only virus described to date that infects triatomines, and has previously been considered to be a member of the family Picornaviridae on the basis of physico-chemical properties. The genome of TrV was sequenced completely (9010 nt). Analysis of the sequence revealed the presence of two large open reading frames (ORFs). The predicted amino acid sequence of ORF1 (nt 54...

A highly conserved RNA-motif of yet unknown function, called stem-loop-2-like motif (s2m), has been identified in the 3' end of the genomes of viruses belonging to different RNA virus families which infect a broad range of mammal and bird species, including Astroviridae, Picornaviridae, Coronaviridae and Caliciviridae. Since s2m is such an extremely conserved motif, it is an ideal target for sc...

Kanatlı hayvanlarda bağırsaklar yemden yararlanmayı etkileyen en önemli organdır. Bu nedenle kanatlı hayvan yetiştiriciliğinde enteritis ya da malabsorbsiyon sendromu gibi bağırsak ilişkili hastalık ve bozukluklar yararlanmayı, dolayısıyla büyümeyi gelişmeyi direkt olarak etkilediğinden endüstrisinde ekonomik önem taşımaktadırlar. Avian enteritisler bakteriyolojik, viral, fungal, protozoal, par...