this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of alfalfa hay (ah) particle size and soybean hull (sh) on physical effective fibre (pendf), particle size distribution in diets, chewing activity as well as milk composition and production in early lactating dairy cows. eight lactating holstein cows averaging 590±33 kg of bw and 47±13 days in milk were assigned in a 4×4 latin square design to a ...

Data from recent research studies were analyzed quantitatively, and the random effect of experiment was assessed to define the physiological responses of dairy cows in early lactation to intake of physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF). All studies were conducted with lactating Holstein cows (84.8 +/- 3.54 days in milk) in Latin square designs, and feeds were offered ad libitum as...

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF) content of dairy cow diets containing corn silage as the sole forage on intake, chewing, ruminal pH, microbial protein synthesis, digestibility, and milk production. A second objective was to compare current methods of measuring peNDF to determine the most suitable approach for use in ration...

Fiber optics are widely used in flexible endoscopes which are indispensable for many applications in diagnosis and therapy. Computer-aided use of fiberscopes requires a digital sensor mounted at the proximal end. Most commercially available cameras for endoscopy provide the images by means of a regular grid of color filters what is known as the Bayer Pattern. Hence, the images suffer from false...

Unlike other nutrients, such as protein and calcium, where requirements are provided in grams per cow per day for specific body weight and milk production levels, fiber “requirements” are merely minimum guidelines (NRC, 2001) aimed at maintaining normal ruminal pH, fiber digestion and milk fat test and preventing sub-acute rumen acidosis (SARA), laminitis and displaced abomasums (LDA). NRC (200...

In this study, we investigated the predictive indices for hypoglycemic effect of physically modified fibers. Micronization, ultrasonic, microwave and extrusion cooking treatments were applied to defatted rice bran dietary fibers to get modified defatted rice bran dietary fiber. The effects of physical treatments, pH and time of digestion, on the water binding Capacity (WBC), Swelling Capacity (...