Direct numerical simulations of receptivity in a boundary layer over a flat plate and a sharp wedge were carried out with two-dimensional perturbations introduced into the flow by periodic-in-time blowing-suction through a slot. The free stream Mach numbers are equal to 5.92 and 8 in the cases of adiabatic flat plate and sharp wedge, respectively. The perturbation flow field was decomposed into...

Introduction: Physical wedge as a useful tool has been utilized in radiotherapy to modify photon beam shape and intensity such that it distributes dose uniformly in tumor site and reduces hot points. Since during Linac commissioning dosimetric parameters like output factors and lateral dose profiles are measured only for symmetric open and wedged fields, so calculation the par...

[1] Subduction zones alter the upper plate in a variety of ways, including metasomatism via slab-derived fluids and accretion of exotic terranes. These processes should produce distinctive seismic signatures, as seismic velocities are sensitive to compositional variations. A new method is developed to estimates depths to interfaces and Poisson’s ratio (Vp/Vs ratio) for dipping layered structure...

introduction wedge modifiers are commonly applied in external beam radiotherapy to change the dose distribution corresponding to the body contour and to obtain a uniform dose distribution within the target volume. since the radiation dose delivered to the target must be within ±5% of the prescribed dose, accurate dose calculation by a treatment planning system (tps) is important. the objective ...

Background Patients with knee OA usually present with major involvement in the medial compartment characterized by joint inflammation, loss of cartilage and joint space and experience increased loads across this compartment. These contribute to pain, changes in muscle control and may interfere with balance and postural control [1,2]. Laterally wedged insoles or footwear components have been use...

we describe a simple model that fits well with iranian economy, and extends a methodology which chary at el. (2007) demonstrated. in addition to four traditional wedges, we introduce additional trade wedge. we then evaluate the contribution of these wedges to the fluctuations in iran during last three years. because of international sanction, trading cost increases, and firms have difficulty to...

BACKGROUND Breast cancers are more frequently diagnosed at an early stage and currently have improved long term outcomes. Late normal tissue complications induced by adjuvant radiotherapy like secondary cancers or cardiomyopathy must now be avoided at all cost. Several new breast radiotherapy techniques have been developed and this work aims at comparing the scatter doses of internal organs for...

Background: Epidemiological studies have indicated an increasing incidence of radiation induced secondary cancer (SC) in breast cancer patients after radiotherapy (RT), most commonly in the contra-lateral breast (CLB). The present study was conducted to estimate the SC risk in the CLB following 3D conformal radiotherapy techniques (3DCRT) including wedge field and forward intensity modulated ra...