Background Amomum compactum is one of the basic species of the traditional herbal medicine amomi fructus rotundus, with great pharmacology effect. The system position of A. compactum is not clear yet, and the introduction of this plant has been hindered by many plant diseases. However, the correlational molecular studies are relatively scarce. Methods The total chloroplast (cp) DNA was extrac...

With respect to Chhattisgarh, rice is the principal crop of the state. India Covers 66% of cultivable land and mostly grown under kharif cropping season. To increase sustained productivity without decreasing soil quality, algal bio fertilizers are used widely now days in the state. Use of local isolates as algal inoculants is being stressed due to their competitiveness in the field for establis...

As biodiversity loss continues, there is an urgent need to develop efficient conservation measures protect diversity with limited resources. Conservation targets have generally been selected based on their population size, but more detailed assessments clarifying the phylogenetic genetic status, history, and uniqueness of rare species crucial set appropriate effective measures. In Japan, Act En...

In functional ecology, morphology is expected to reflect function; however, occasional decoupling of these two can be found. the case feeding diversity diet or modes within a clade positively related morphological traits involved in performance. Parrotfishes are separated into main groups, “reef” and “seagrass” clade. Both groups have important differences their evolutionary history. Still, mor...

In anticipation that improved knowledge of euglenid morphology will provide robust apomorphy-based definitions for clades, transmission and scanning electron microscopy were used to reveal novel morphological patterns associated with the euglenid pellicle. In some taxa, the number of pellicle strips around the cell periphery reduces as discrete whorls at the anterior and posterior ends of the c...

The necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea is reported to infect more than 220 host plants worldwide. In phylogenetical-taxonomical terms, the pathogen is considered a complex of two cryptic species, group I and group II. We sampled populations of B. cinerea on sympatric strawberry and raspberry cultivars in the North-East of Hungary for three years during flowering and the harvest period. Four h...

literatures of various cultures interfere with one another so that each of them may become part of another’s literary polysystem. accordingly, the researchers, in this study, attempted to recognize what position persian literary polysystem allowed english literature in particular persian translations of english modern short stories to occupy during 1990-2005. this study also intended to find ou...