Sc:Ru:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals were grown from congruent melt by using the Czochralski method. A series of LiNbO3 (Li/Nb = 48.6/51.4) with 0.1 wt% RuO2, 0.06 Fe2O3 and various concentrations Sc203 prepared. RF1 RF4 refers to samples containing 0 mol% 3 Sc203, respectively. The photorefractive properties measured Kr+ laser (λ 476 nm blue light): ηs 75.7%, τw 11 s, M/# 19.52, S 2.85 cmJ−1, Γ 31.8 cm−1 ...

The dynamics of Edinger-Westphal (EW) stimulated accommodation were studied in two young rhesus monkeys to understand the relationships between accommodative amplitude and rates of accommodation and disaccommodation. Accommodative responses were recorded with infrared photorefraction at five different amplitudes spanning the full EW stimulated accommodative range available to each eye. Combined...

The relationships between peak velocity and amplitude of Edinger-Westphal (EW) stimulated accommodation and disaccommodation were investigated in anesthetized, middle-aged rhesus monkeys. Accommodative responses were recorded at 30Hz with infrared photorefraction. Peak velocity of accommodation and disaccommodation increased linearly with stimulus amplitude. Peak velocities of accommodation con...

An objective infrared optometer has been designed, based on the optical principles of eccentric photorefraction. A CCD camera with an eccentric infrared light source images the subject's pupil through a Badal optometer. The slope of the light distribution across the pupil is continuously recorded. Accommodative state is measured by moving the camera behind the Badal lens until the slope is zero...

PURPOSE To examine accommodation and accommodative convergence relationships in naturally strabismic monkeys. METHODS Photorefraction was used to measure accommodative responses of each eye under monocular and binocular viewing conditions. These accommodative results were then compared to assessments of vergence state made under monocular viewing conditions using methods previously described....

The current issue of JOVR includes an article entitled “Is Noncycloplegic Photorefraction Applicable for Screening Refractive Amblyopia risk Factors?”.1 This is a well-constructed study comparing noncycloplegic photorefraction uti l izing the plusoptiX SO4 screener to cycloplegic autorefraction (or cycloplegic retinoscopy in those few children in whom cycloplegic autorefraction could not be per...