The present study evaluated the effects of the culturing media and the levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth, biomass productivity and lipid production of four species of Microcystis (M. novacekii, M. aeruginosa, M panniformis and M. protocystis). The lipid extract was obtained by refluxing with dichloromethane (Soxhlet). The biomass and biomass productivity yields were maximized with...

In this study, we have developed an efficient protocol for synthesis of phosphorus-substituted heterocycles through reaction between 2-Aryl quinoxalines and dialkyl phosphites under transition-metal-free conditions. Here, K2S2O8 has been used as the sole oxidant facile phosphorus substituted derivates. A variety heteroaryl phosphonate derivatives synthesized optimized conditions in good to exce...

An expeditious, one-pot method for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones using a mixture of phosphorus pentoxide-methanesulfonic acid (Eaton's reagent) at room temperature under solvent-free conditions is described. The salient features of this method include short reaction time, green aspects, high yields, and simple procedure.

A mild method for the facile removal of phosphine oxide from the crude products of Wittig and Appel reactions is described. Work-up with oxalyl chloride to generate insoluble chlorophosphonium salt (CPS) yields phosphorus-free products for a wide variety of these reactions. The CPS product can be further converted into phosphine.

Enantioselective phosphination and hydrophosphonylation reactions between azomethine imines and diarylphosphine oxides or dialkyl phosphites were respectively developed by the use of a chiral squaramide as the hydrogen bonding organocatalyst, which afforded two types of phosphorus containing product in high yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities.

Increased fertilizer input in agricultural systems during the last few decades has resulted in large yield increases, but also in environmental problems. We used data from published papers and a soil testing and fertilization project in Shaanxi province during the years 2005 to 2009 to analyze chemical fertilizer inputs and yields of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) on the f...

Three floor pen experiments (Exp) were conducted to evaluate low nonphytin P (NPP) concentrations and the NPP sparing effect of phytase (PHY) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25D) on bone mineralization, bone breaking during commercial processing, litter P, and water-soluble P (WSP) concentrations. Tested treatments (TRT) were control, National Research Council NPP; University of Maryland (UMD) N...

Soybean cultivars varied in their response and tolerance to low initial Rotylenchulus reniforrnis populations of 10,000 nematodes/3.8 liters of soil, but a high initial population of 25,000 consistently reduced yields on resistant and susceptible cultivars by an average of 33.1%. At the 10,000 nematode inoculum level, dry seed yields of Hood decreased while those of Pickett increased significan...

In order to investigate certain aspects of protein metabolism, it was desired to prepare glycine labeled with radioactive carbon. The method of preparation was chosen with the object of obtaining the highest possible yields, and techniques suitable for handling small amounts of material were used throughout. The reactions employed and the yields obtained were as follows: The synthesis involves ...