Salmeterol/fluticasone propionate, administered twice daily via a multidose dry powder inhaler (Seretide/Advair Diskus), Seretide Accuhaler or metered-dose hydrofluoroalkane (chlorofluorocarbon-free) inhaler (Seretide Evohaler), is a combination of the long-acting beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonist (beta(2)-agonist) [LABA] salmeterol and the corticosteroid fluticasone propionate. Maintenance therapy ...

Mycoplasmas are totally inactivated by a 20-min treatment with 1% phenethyl alcohol, whereas suspensions of enveloped viruses resist the same treatment. This treatment has proved successful in eliminating mycoplasma contamination of a virus suspension.

The pathway of propionate conversion in a syntrophic coculture of Smithella propionica and Methanospirillum hungatei JF1 was investigated by (13)C-NMR spectroscopy. Cocultures produced acetate and butyrate from propionate. [3-(13)C]propionate was converted to [2-(13)C]acetate, with no [1-(13)C]acetate formed. Butyrate from [3-(13)C]propionate was labeled at the C2 and C4 positions in a ratio of...

To examine the estrogenic activities of styrene oligomers, we carried out cell proliferation assays with estrogen-sensitive MCF-7 cells and competitive binding assays to human estrogen receptor [alpha] (hER[alpha]). The styrene oligomers tested were 1,3-diphenyl propane (SD-1), 2,4-diphenyl-1-butene (SD-2), cis-1,2-diphenyl cyclobutane (SD-3), trans-1,2-diphenyl cyclobutane (SD-4), 2,4,6-triphe...

The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is a key mediator in cytokine-induced signaling events that are activated in response to a variety of extracellular stimuli such as stress factors, apoptosis, and proliferation. Therefore, the MAPK family plays an integral role in disease states including oncogenesis, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory processes. Inhibition of these protein kin...

The effects of acetate, propionate, and butyrate on the anaerobic thermophilic conversion of propionate by methanogenic sludge and by enriched propionate-oxidizing bacteria in syntrophy with Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum delta H were studied. The methanogenic sludge was cultivated in an upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor fed with propionate (35 mM) as the sole substrate for a per...

Harada, Etsumori, Megumi Mitani, and Takashi Takeuchi. Potentiation of carbachol-induced amylase release by propionate in guinea pig and vole pancreatic acini. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 46): R767–R775, 1999.—The action of propionate, one of the major end products of microbial fermentation in herbivores was investigated in isolated, perifused pancreatic acini of ...

Inhibition of the fermentation of propionate to methane and carbon dioxide by hydrogen, acetate, and propionate was analyzed with a mesophilic propionate-acclimatized sludge that consisted of numerous flocs (size, 150 to 300 mum). The acclimatized sludge could convert propionate to methane and carbon dioxide stoichiometrically without accumulating hydrogen and acetate in a propionate-minimal me...

The uptake of propionate by the isolated perfused rat liver is not influenced by oleate or glucagon. However, glucagon does stimulate glucose production in the presence of 10 flwl propionate and increases the incorporation of isotope from [14C]propionate into glucose. These observations have been interpreted to indicate a sparing of the metabolism of propionate in the citric acid cycle by endog...

parameters and multiple regression analysis. The variation in the activity of N-(ca-substituted benzyl) derivatives was shown to be related parabolically with variation in the steric dimension of the substituents. The greater the hydrophobicity of substituents is, the greater the activity is. The variation in the steric dimension of the benzene ring substituents was responsible for the activity...