In this paper a new phase-frequency detector is proposed using transmission gates which can detect phase difference less than 500ps. In other word, the proposed Phase-frequency Detector (PFD) can work in frequencies higher than 1.7 GHz, whereas a conventional PFD operates at frequencies less than 1.1 GHz. This new architecture is designed in TSMC 0.13um CMOS Technology. Also, the proposed PFD a...

Monometallic and bimetallic Ni and Co catalytic nanoparticles supported on Titanium dioxide (rutile phase) substrate were prepared by wet impregnation method. These nanoparicles were used as catalysts for synthesis of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) from acetylene decomposition at 700°C by the catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) technique. The nanomaterials (catalyst and CNTs) were...

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artificial neural networks (anns) are computer techniques that attempt to simulate the functionality and decision-making processes of the human brain. in the past few decades, artificial neural networks (anns) have been extensively used in a wide range of engineering applications. there are only a few applications in liquid membrane process. the objective of this research was to develop artific...

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been used as a surrogate for the mid-cycle LH surge for several decades. Due to structural and biological similarities with LH, hCG binds to and activates the same receptor - the LH/hCG receptor. However, despite the fact that hCG effectively secures final oocyte maturation and ovulation, its use as a surrogate for LH has got several drawbacks - first and ...

Background: Progesterone (P) that is produced by the corpus luteum in response to stimulation by luteinizing hormone (LH) and human Chrionic Gondotropin (hCG) in luteal phase is essential for secretory transformation of endometrium that permits implantation .P not only supports endometrial development but also potentially sustains the survival of the embryo . Luteal phase dysfunction (LPD) is a...