Phase unwrapping (PU) as an ill-posed inverse scientific problem has invariably been the significant difficulty in interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique for topographic mapping. Conventional PU approaches may produce a local or global bias severe phase changes caused by noise and large gradient terrain because continuity assumption is not satisfied. To address this issue, w...

This chapter presents some applications of nonstandard finite difference methods to general nonlinear heat transfer problems. Nonlinearity in heat transfer problems arises when i. Some properties in the problem are temperature dependent ii. Boundary conditions are described by nonlinear functions iii. The interface energy equation in phase change problems is nonlinear. Free convection and surfa...