In the pharmaceutical science, sintering has been described as the mechanism for the strengthening of the mechanical properties of consolidated pharmaceutical powders at elevated temperatures, for solid-bond formation during tablet compression, and for thermal curing of polymer-latex film coatings. The concept of sintering was applied in the investigation of the effect of heating on the mechani...

The aim of the study was to determine the effects of levofloxacin on the phagocytic and intracellular killing functions of human neutrophils at different therapeutic concentrations and to investigate the possible differences between pure powder and pharmaceutical form of levofloxacin on the neutrophil functions. Neutrophils obtained from healthy volunteers were incubated with both pure powder a...

This paper examines the effect of the regulations restricting price increases on the evolution of pharmaceutical prices. A novel theoretical model shows that this policy leads firms to price new drugs with uncertain demand above the expected value initially. Price decreases after drug launch are more likely, the higher the uncertainty. We empirically test the model's predictions using data from...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Gifts to physicians from the pharmaceutical industry are receiving increased scrutiny, but no previous research has evaluated the effect of such gifts on trust. The goal of this study is to determine patient awareness of interactions between physicians and the pharmaceutical industry and to learn whether those interactions impact trust and the doctor-patient relationsh...

In recent years, the major innovator pharmaceutical companies have experienced two pronounced and significant trends: a decreasing output of innovative new drugs and cutbacks in research and development (R&D) investment. The two phenomena probably are not unrelated and raise significant concerns for a society intent upon providing affordable health care for an aging population. While the root c...

This work extends prior research that finds drug development is driven by demand factors such as mortality rates of the diseases new drugs are aimed at. Here we find that the number of drugs in the development pipeline is strongly positively related to the price of existing drugs treating those diseases. [JEL: O-34, I-11]

Pharmaceutical drugs play an important role in human life since they caused a revolution in human health. Notably, their administration to a living organism helps body to stay healthy. Commonly, they are employed to diagnose, prevent, or treat and cure a disease via a biological effect on a human body. Administration of impurity-free and adequate amounts of pharmaceut...

After the boom of pharmacological research during the 1950s, mainly as a result of the screening technique, the identification of active molecules, their reshaping by means of pharmaco-chemical drug design, and the creation of extremely efficacious and successful medicines, the pharmaceutical world sought a new source of inspiration. Such biota as the tropical forest, a quantity of plants credi...

Milling is a widely used unit operation in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Raw materials for food products are manufactured into baked goods, beverages, snacks, and meal components. The insoluble fiber fractions with particle sizes greater than 50 μm negatively impact: (a) the ability to manufacture, (b) the stability of the finished product, and (c) the mouth-feel. There is a need for ...