Background: Poisoning is one of the main causes of visits to emergency departments and hospitals in Iran. Drug and Poison Information Centers (DPIC) are reliable sources to guide poisoned patients and provide information about pharmaceutical agents. This study was designed to analyze recorded phone calls to Iran DPICs during 2011-2012. Methods: This was a retrospective study on phone calls to...

conventional transdermal drug delivery systems (tdds) have been designed for drug delivery through the skin. these systems use the permeability property of stratum corneum, the outermost surface layer of the skin. applying polymeric micro and nanofibers in drug delivery has recently attracted great attention and the electrospinning technique is the preferred method for polymeric micro-nanofiber...

A ntibiotic resistance is a fact of life that we must accept and confront. Consequently, modern pharmaceutical companies have faced repeated crises when new forms of antibiotic resistance emerged in previously susceptible pathogens. In each of these crises, the industry has rallied to bring forward new therapeutic approaches. During the past 30 years, I have been directly involved in several of...

This 2-day inaugural conference on prodrugs was presented by Pharmaceutical Education Associates and covered recent developments in prodrug techniques to solve delivery and targeting issues in drug discovery and development. The speakers were drawn from industry and academia, and the conference was attended mostly by researchers working in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. A numb...

During the past two decades scientists, regulatory agencies and the European Commission have acknowledged pharmaceuticals to be an emerging environmental problem. In parallel, a regulatory framework for environmental risk assessment (ERA) of pharmaceutical products has been developed. Since the regulatory guidelines came into force the German Federal Agency (UBA) has been evaluating ERAs for hu...

Heart failure (HF) is a manifestation of aberrant vascular responses and remains a public health concern with a worldwide prevalence of around 23 million and a 5-year mortality numerically equivalent to many cancers. Over the last two decades, mortality from HF reached a plateau with current pharmaceutical agents and mechanical cardiac support. In the last several years, various "novel" pharmac...

There is a rapid increase in the demand for natural hypopigmenting agents from marine sources for cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical applications. Currently, marine macroalgae are considered as a safe and effective source of diverse bioactive compounds. Many research groups are exploring marine macroalgae to discover and characterize novel compounds for cosmeceutical, nutraceutical, and pharmaceu...

Conventional transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) have been designed for drug delivery through the skin. These systems use the permeability property of stratum corneum, the outermost surface layer of the skin. Applying polymeric micro and nanofibers in drug delivery has recently attracted great attention and the electrospinning technique is the preferred method for polymeric micro-nanofiber...