Memiliki peran penting di sebuah organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan menjadi salah satu hal yang menentukan dalam keberhasilan organisasi. Namun, bagian dari negara berdasarkan hukum dan adat istiadat membuat sering kali dieratkan dengan etika ada, sehingga munculah istilah etis. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk menelusuri mengkaji lebih terkait perbedaan mendasar etis tidak Dengan menggunakan pendeka...

Understanding norms is a key challenge in sociology. Nevertheless, there is a lack of dynamical models explaining how one of several possible behaviors is established as a norm and under what conditions. Analysing an agent-based model, we identify interesting parameter dependencies that imply when two behaviors will coexist or when a shared norm will emerge in a heterogeneous society, where dif...

the purpose of food packaging is to preserve the quality and safety of the food it contains from the time of manufacture to the time it is used by the consumer. recently, the demand for safe and high quality foods, as well as changes in consumer preferences have led to the development of innovative and novel approaches in food packaging technology. one such development is the active food packag...

abstract aim and background: the purpose of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of multiple sclerosis self-efficacy scale (msss) in a sample population of iranian patients. methods and materials: this research is a descriptive-correlational study with a population of patients afflicted with ms from north khorasan and hamedan provinces. a number of 120 patients, who had ...

abstract background: the prevalence of self‑neglect among the elderly is expected to rise with a rapid increase in the growth of the older population. however, self‑neglect in the elderly and the factors related to it are not fully understood due to the limited research in the area, lack of consensus in the definition of the concept, and limited instrumentation. the purpose of this study was to...

Requiring active consent from parents leads to different self-reports by adolescents than when it is not required. The present study compares self-reported demographic, psychosocial, and behavior variables between those students from whom active consent was and was not obtained. As found in previous studies, fewer minorities, fewer persons who were dissatisfied with school, fewer persons whose ...

OBJECTIVE To examine whether self-reported physical activity of a moderate/vigorous intensity influences risk markers for cardiovascular disease in persons with paraplegia due to spinal cord injury. DESIGN Descriptive, cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS A total of 134 wheelchair-dependent individuals (103 men, 31 women) with chronic (≥ 1 year) post-traumatic spinal cord injury with paraplegia....

A general framework for the description of active bundles of polar filaments is presented. The activity of the bundle results from mobile cross-links that induce relative displacements between the aligned filaments. Our generic description is based on momentum conservation within the bundle. By specifying the internal forces, a simple minimal model for the bundle dynamics can be derived, captur...

Not everyone who has committed a misdeed and wants to warn others against committing it will feel entitled to do so. Six experiments, a replication, and a follow-up study examined how suffering for a misdeed grants people the legitimacy to advise against it. When advisors had suffered (vs. not suffered) for their misdeeds, observers thought advisors had more of a right to advise and perceived t...

Epilepsy, a brain disorder leading to recurring seizures, has garnered increased public health focus because persons with epilepsy experience pronounced and persistent health and socioeconomic disparities despite treatment advances, public awareness programs, and expanded rights for persons with disabilities (1,2). For almost all states, epilepsy prevalence estimates do not exist. CDC used nati...