In this study, we detected White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in wild Farfantepenaeus paulensis collected in the Lagoa dos Patos estuary and cultivated Litopenaeus vannamei. This is the first report of WSSV in F. paulensis from Lagoa dos Patos and farmed L. vannamei shrimps in Rio Grande do Sul.

Infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) is an emerging pathogen of penaeid shrimp in global aquaculture. Tentatively assigned to family Totiviridae, it has a nonsegmented dsRNA genome of 7,560 bp and an isometric capsid of the 901-aa major capsid protein. We used electron cryomicroscopy and 3D image reconstruction to examine the IMNV virion at 8.0-A resolution. Results reveal a totivirus-like, 120-...

Resistance to different antibiotics was found in 26 of the 30 strains analyzed, more than 70% of the strains analyzed were resistant to carbenicillin and ampicillin and a significant correlation was found between the resistance to both antibiotics. Plasmids were found in 80% of the strains analyzed, and 11 different plasmid profiles were observed. The most common profile obtained had only a 21....

An experiment was conducted to explore the pathogenic effect of WSSV infection in reproduction of the Indian white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus by investigating the time-course expression of female reproduction gene, namely vitellogenin (Vg) and thrombospondin (TSP), following WSSV challenge. Increased levels of expression for both Vg and TSP was observed in the infected group at 30 h post-in...

Melanization, which is brought about by the activation of the prophenoloxidase (proPO) cascade, plays an essential role in the invertebrate immune response. It is triggered by minute amounts of microbial cell wall components leading to the activation of the enzyme proPO, which converts phenols into quinones and eventually resulting to the formation of melanin. Recent studies however, revealed t...

The suprabenthos or hyperbenthos is the macrofaunal assemblage of small-sized organisms that interact for some time in the benthic boundary layer. Information about the taxonomic composition and role of suprabenthic species, especially in littoral zones, is scarce and scattered. This work attempts to contribute alleviate this problem. We analyze the temporal and spatial variations of suprabenth...

The hepatopancreatic parvo-like virus (HPV) of penaeid shrimp was extracted from infected shrimp tissues, purified and subsequently characterized. The viral particles, icosahedral in shape, are 22 nm in diameter and possess a buoyant density of 1.41 g/ml. They contain ssDNA, of approximately 5 kb in size which encodes a single polypeptide of 54 kDa. On the basis of its general characteristics t...

Penaeid shrimp is a major resource in India contributing about 7.4% of the total marine fish landings. They are mostly landed by small mechanized trawlers. Shrimp trawling generates large quantities of bycatch mostly consisting of juvenile fishes, due to use of small mesh size in codends of trawl nets. Juvenile Fish Excluder cum Shrimp Sorting Device (JFE-SSD) is a bycatch reduction device with...