BACKGROUND In this clinical trial, polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution was compared with lactulose in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS This randomized controlled trial was performed on 40 patients in two groups. The patients in the lactulose group received either 20-30 grams of lactulose orally or by a nasogastric tube, or 200 grams of lactulose enema b...

The present study assessed different methods of administering gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using different formulations to determine which of the methods achieved optimal radiosensitization. Cells from the B16F10 mouse melanoma cell line were implanted in the femoral area of mice, assigned to one of the eight following groups: i) Control; ii) intravenous (IV) injection of polyethylene glycol (PEG)...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to make 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-incorporated nanoparticles using methoxy polyethylene glycol/chitosan (PEG-Chito) copolymer for application in photodynamic therapy for colon cancer cells. METHODS 5-ALA-incorporated (PEG-Chito-5-ALA) nanoparticles were prepared by ion complex formation between 5-ALA and chitosan. Protoporphyrin IX accumulation in the tum...

The Tudor warship the Mary Rose has reached an important transition point in her conservation. The 19 year long process of spraying with polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been completed (April 29(th) 2013) and the hull is air drying under tightly controlled conditions. Acidophilic bacteria capable of oxidising iron and sulfur have been previously identified and enriched from unpreserved timbers of ...

Abstract Paclitaxel (PTX), a drug widely used in lung cancer, has serious limitations including the development of peripheral neurotoxicity, which may lead to treatment discontinuation and therapy failure. The transport PTX large cationic liposomes could avoid this undesirable effect, improving patient’s prognosis. was encapsulated with two different sizes, MLV (180?200?nm) SUV (80?100?nm). In ...

Exploiting an advanced material simultaneously with effective thermal management (TM) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding capacity is ungently demanded yet challenging for the miniaturized integrated electronics. Anisotropic networks can be impregnated phase change materials (PCMs) to fabricate multifunctional shape-stable PCMs (ss-CPCMs) excellent TM EMI shielding, which rarely re...

Pegylated recombinant human megakaryocyte growth and development factor (PEG-rHuMGDF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) promote haematopoietic progenitor cell maturation. We reviewed the findings for healthy volunteers/donors who developed haematological malignancies following PEG-rHuMGDF or G-CSF administration. Information was reviewed for three of 538 volunteers who received ...

Background In preclinical studies, PEGylated IL-10 (PEG-IL-10) but not non-PEG IL-10 induces tumor rejection by the directly activating and increasing the proliferation of tumor specific CD8 T cells within the tumor. PEG-IL10 activates STAT3 and STAT1 in tumor infiltrating CD8 T cells. PEG-IL-10 induced the expression of the Th1 signature cytokine IFNg in intratumoral CD8 T cells, which was cru...

Celecoxib, a diaryl substituted pyrazole, is practically insoluble in water which precludes its use in parenteral and liquid dosage forms. This study explores the solubility enhancement of celecoxib using hydrotropy and cosolvency solubilization approaches. The equilibrium solubility studies were performed using hydrotropes piperazine, sodium citrate, and urea and cosolvents PEG 200, PEG 400, P...

In the present investigation, mixed-solvency approach has been applied for the enhancement of aqueous solubility of a poorly water- soluble drug, zaltoprofen (selected as a model drug), by making blends (keeping total concentrations 40% w/v, constant) of selected water-soluble substances from among the hydrotropes (urea, sodium benzoate, sodium citrate, nicotinamide); water-soluble solids (PEG-...