background the prognostic value of blood culture testing in the diagnosis of bacteremia is limited by contamination. objectives in this multicenter study, the aim was to evaluate the contamination rates of blood cultures as well as the parameters that affect the culture results. materials and methods sample collection practices and culture data obtained from 16 university/research hospitals wer...

conclusions the diagnostics and management of infections with hepatotropic viruses, particularly hbv, are neglected in hemophilic patients. all patients with coagulation disorders and a history of exposure to non-inactivated blood products should be screened for blood-borne infections. the prevalence of other potentially blood-borne viral infections exhibited a pattern similar to that observed ...

a 30-year-old african woman in kenya succumbed to severe swollen regional lymph nodes, development of painful boils and ulcer formation and rashes at specific tick-biting sites together with an intermittent fever and headache following repeated tick bites of rhipicephalus pulchellus. she later developed nuchal lymphadenopathy-like condition and an eschar with edematous margins at bitten sites. ...

the history of mycology in iran is presented in five periods. in the first period (until 1860) there is no sign of iranian fungi in scientific literature. in the second period (1860–1941) the study of iranian fungi was started by foreign mycologists who did not visit iran but worked on plant material collected by botanists. in the third period (1941–1963) the study of iranian fungi was started ...

in order to optimize sludge depth in sand drying beds under the climatic conditions of saudi arabia, the effect of initial sludge depth on the fate of pathogens was investigated.the investigation was carried out for one year in al-khobar wastewater treatment plant, where initial sludge depths of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 cm were implemented. sludge samples were collected on 0, 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, a...

introduction: the present study aimed to investigate the microbial quality of the produced vermicomposts and compare them with the existing standards. methods: this experimental study was conducted as a pilot-scale one, in the laboratory school. some perishable domestic waste were mixed in a reactor, including food waste, vegetables and fruits, cow manure and sludge of wastewater treatment plan...

The spleen is one of the major immunological sites for maintaining blood homeostasis. Previous studies showed that heterogeneous splenic macrophage populations contribute in complimentary ways to control blood-borne infections and induce effective immune responses. Marginal metallophilic macrophages (MMMΦs) and marginal zone macrophages (MZMΦs) are cells with great ability to internalize blood-...

BACKGROUND The frequency of bloodborne pathogen healthcare-associated infections is thought to be high in developing Southeast Asian countries. The underlying social-cultural logics contributing to the risks of transmission are rarely studied. This report provides some insights on the social and cultural factors that shape hygiene practices in Cambodian health care settings. METHODS We conduc...

Background Blood culture contamination is a clinically significant problem that results in patient harm and excess cost. Methods In a prospective, controlled trial at an academic center Emergency Department, a device that diverts and sequesters the initial 1.5-2 mL portion of blood (which presumably carries contaminating skin cells and microbes) was tested against standard phlebotomy procedur...