Data transmissions in Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) often suffer from bit errors that arise from the notoriously complex and time-varying signal propagation characteristics of the wireless medium. A number of physical factors such as attenuation and multi-path are prevalent indoors and can lead to high bit-error rates at the link layer. These in turn lead to packet losses, low throughput...

Simple path diversity, where the source packet is transmitted simultaneously over multiple paths, is an effective method to combat packet losses or link failures for communications over a wireless network. The bandwidth inefficiency inherent in a path diversity method can be reduced by using multiple description (MD) coding. We consider a scenario where two independent parallel paths/links are ...

We study the performance of TCP-based media transport when combined with packet path diversity (PPD) in the Internet. We present a simple PPD-TCP transport scheme where the acknowledgments (ACKs) from the receiver are duplicated and sent across independent network paths. We also investigate a PPD-TCP scheme where in addition to path-diversified ACKs on the backward path, packet path diversity i...

This paper presents radio wave propagation characteristics of a modern factory at a frequency of 2.4 GHz. Fading deeps from space diversity at transmitting and receiving antennas are proposed with measured data. These models provide both large scale fading and boundary limitation in which almost measured data is contained. There are five path loss categories, namely LOS, NLOS same area, NLOS di...

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a very attractive modulation technique for reliable broadband wireless communications such as wireless local area network (WLAN), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), etc. In wireless communications, multipath fading distorts a received signal and causes bit errors at a receiver side. To overcome the e ect of fading, diver...

Due to the time-varying nature of the wireless channel and presence of limited resources for the signal transmission, which faces various detrimental effects such as path-loss, delay spread, Doppler spread, shadowing and interference make it very difficult to achieve sufficient data rates. To combat the effect of multi-path fading in the wireless communication system, the diversity combining me...

Data from 247 global software development teams were used to examine the impact of temporal dispersion and leadership roles on the relationship between nationality diversity and team performance. Nationality diversity was positively related to team performance when project leaders regularly coordinate and monitor team members’ activities, and acted as mentors and facilitator. However, when nati...

CDNs have been widely used to provide low latency, scalability, fault tolerance, and load balancing for the delivery of web content and more recently streaming media. We propose a system that improves the performance of streaming media CDNs by exploiting the path diversity provided by existing CDN infrastructure. Path diversity is provided by the different network paths that exist between a cli...