Why is there the “top level” in Clarion? Cognitively speaking, we need to capture the explicit knowledge that humans do exhibit (e.g., what they express when they verbalize). The existence of such knowledge is well established, as the distinction between implicit and explicit knowledge has been amply demonstrated (see, e.g., Reber 1989, Stadler and Frensch 1998, Sun et al 2005). Therefore it ne...

Contact center agents typically respond to email queries from customers by selecting predefined answer templates that relate to the questions present in the customer query. In this paper we present a technique to automatically select the answer templates corresponding to a customer query email. Given a set of query-response email pairs we find the associations between the actual questions and a...

We present NewsQA, a challenging machine comprehension dataset of over 100,000 question-answer pairs. Crowdworkers supply questions and answers based on a set of over 10,000 news articles from CNN, with answers consisting in spans of text from the corresponding articles. We collect this dataset through a fourstage process designed to solicit exploratory questions that require reasoning. A thoro...

the following study aims to present an innovative approach for design. participatory design is the model of direct involvement of different social groups in the design from functional tools to environments, social institutions and businesses. diverse collection of practices has been developed to support this direct involvement by participatory design. people are invited to participate during di...

As students read expository text, comprehension is improved by pausing to answer questions that reinforce the material. We describe an automatic question generator that uses semantic pattern recognition to create questions of varying depth and type for self-study or tutoring. Throughout, we explore how linguistic considerations inform system design. In the described system, semantic role labels...

This paper describes the procedure adopted by the three coordinators of the CLEF 2003 question answering track (ITC-irst, UNED and ILLC) to create the question set for the monolingual tasks. Despite the little resources available, the three groups collaborated and managed to formulate and verify a large pool of original questions posed in three different languages: Dutch, Italian and Spanish. A...

Jacobson, M.Z., M.A. Delucchi, M.A. Cameron, and B.V, Mathiesen, Matching demand with supply at low cost among 139 countries within 20 world regions with 100% intermittent wind, water, and sunlight (WWS) for all purposes, Renewable Energy, 123, 236-248, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.02.009 , https://web.stanford.edu/group/efmh/jacobson/Articles/I/CombiningRenew/WorldGridIntegratio...

We study the impact of syntactic and shallow semantic information in automatic classification of questions and answers and answer re-ranking. We define (a) new tree structures based on shallow semantics encoded in Predicate Argument Structures (PASs) and (b) new kernel functions to exploit the representational power of such structures with Support Vector Machines. Our experiments suggest that s...

In this paper we explore how compositional semantics, discourse structure, and the cogni-tive states of participants all contribute to pragmatic constraints on answers to questions in dialogue. We synthesise formal semantic theories on questions and answers with techniques for discourse interpretation familiar from computational linguistics, and show how this provides richer constraints on resp...

In recent algebra investigations, the maximum number of islands on some grid turned out to appear as interesting combinatorial problem. The aim of this paper is to overview the history and the results in this topic. The first result, the formula of Gábor Czédli appeared in [2], his proof was based on lattice theory. The investigation went on two different directions, nowadays both are living re...