With regard to multicatheter interstitial brachytherapy (MIB), the review notes high infection rates, citing rates of 0% to 11%. However, an analysis found an infection rate of 10.3% with whole-breast irradiation (WBI), comparable to that noted in the MIB series.[1] In addition, several clinical studies with large numbers of patients and long-term follow-up (including a matched-pair analysis of...

The design, fabrication, and characterization of an integrated 2D photonic crystal stack are described for application as optical filters with improved optical density and angle tolerance compared to single photonic crystal slabs. The 2D photonic crystals are designed as polarization independent reflectance filters with a narrow spectral bandwidth centered at lambda=532 nm by utilizing the guid...

The optical nonlocality in symmetric metal-dielectric multilayer metamaterials is theoretically and experimentally investigated with respect to transverse-magnetic-polarized incident light. A nonlocal effective medium theory is derived from the transfer-matrix method to determine the nonlocal effective permittivity depending on both the frequency and wave vector in a symmetric metal-dielectric ...

WDM systems create a strong need for compact wavelength multiplexing and demultiplexing devices that can be manufactured cost-effectively. We focus here on thin-film structures, as they are easy to fabricate with well-known technology. In contrast to typical dielectric interference filters though, we use group velocity effects to separate multiple beams of different wavelengths with a single mu...

Multi-valued partial CFL functions are computed by one-way nondeterministic pushdown automata equipped with write-only output tapes. We give an answer to a fundamental question, raised by Konstantinidis, Santean, and Yu [Act. Inform. 43 (2007) 395–417], of whether all multi-valued partial CFL functions can be refined by single-valued partial CFL functions. We negatively solve this question by p...

A key challenge in the seismic imaging of reflectors using surface reflection data is the subsurface illumination produced by a given data set and for a given complexity of the background model (of wavespeeds). The imaging is described here by the generalized Radon transform. To address the illumination challenge and enable (accurate) local parameter estimation, we develop a method for partial ...

objectives: this study sought to assess the effects of length and inclination of implants on stress distribution in an implant and terminal abutment teeth in an implant assisted-removable partial denture (rpd) using three-dimensional (3d) finite element analysis (fea).   materials and methods: in this in vitro study, a 3d finite element model of a partially dentate mandible with a distal extens...

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a suitable and powerful diagnostic testing method for fuel cells (FCs) since it is non-destructive and provides useful information about FC performance and its components. In this study, for the first time, a 500W cascade type 4 cells stack with integrated humidifier, water separator and internal manifolds was designed, fabricated and tested. The ...

spatial distribution of electric field amplitude has an essential role in laser-induced damagemulti-layer coating. a new method introduced in this paper to reduce the electric field intensityeffectively within the high index layers in multi-layer reflectors that are irradiated by high power lasers.the design is based on specific non-quarter wave pairs, assuming the number of layers is held cons...