We introduce a novel parametric family of symmetric information-theoretic distances based on Jensen’s inequality for a convex functional generator. In particular, this family unifies the celebrated Jeffreys divergence with the Jensen-Shannon divergence when the Shannon entropy generator is chosen. We then design a generic algorithm to compute the unique centroid defined as the minimum average d...

the output of x-ray, especially in the field of required energy for diagnosing the disease is very low (in diagnosing lamps, it is less than 1%). in this kind of lamps the rest of the electrical energy is transformed to heat. this considerable amount of heat induces a myriad of too many limitations in choosing higher levels of radiation, particularly in specialized techniques. this process is t...

Explicit expressions for the irradiance and signal spectrum of an optical parametric generator were derived. The calculation is in quantitative agreement with measurements of parametric generators with three different lengths of crystals operating in the superfluorescent regime. The measured spectrum was predicted for the entire measured range up to a gain-length product of 16, and the measured...

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have been promoted as a potential technology to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants by using electricity instead of petroleum, and byimproving electric system efficiency by providing vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services. We use an electric power system model to explicitly evaluate the change in generator dispatches resulting from PHEV dep...

We report an efficient, visible, nanosecond optical parametric generator of periodically poled lithium niobate pumped at 532 nm by a frequency-doubled, diode-pumped, passively Q -switched, single-mode Nd:YAG laser with 90-muJ pulse energy. The signal radiation is tunable from 637 to 593 nm. The maximum signal-conversion efficiency is 23%. Optical parametric amplification of a He-Ne laser at 632...

   One of the several promising new technologies for computing at nano-scale is quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA). In this paper, new designs for different QCA sequential circuits are presented. Using an efficient QCA D flip-flop (DFF) architecture, a 5-bit counter, a novel single edge generator (SEG) and a divide-by-2 counter are implemented. Also, some types of oscillators, a new edge-t...

We used an intermittent stimulus presentation to investigate event-related potential (ERP) components associated with perceptual reversals during binocular rivalry. The combination of spatiotemporal ERP analysis with source imaging and statistical parametric mapping of the concomitant source differences yielded differences in three time windows: reversals showed increased activity in early visu...

An injection-seeded nanosecond terahertz ~THz! wave parametric generator was demonstrated using nonlinear crystals that were pumped by a single frequency Nd:yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser. Spectrum narrowing to the Fourier transform limit ~n51.58 THz, Dn,200 MHz! was achieved by injection seeding the idler wave ~near-infrared Stokes!. This resulted in a THz-wave output power ~900 pJ/pulse, .100 ...