the potential indoor air impacts of burning candles have drawn increased attention in recent years.  burning paraffin waxes itself, regardless to wick and the essence, produce some allergens and even carcinogenic compounds. further biorefining of petroleum paraffin wax with proper bacteria is one of the proposed resolutions to decrease the health threat. therefore in this study iranian heavy cr...

background: the phase change materials (pcms) have the appropriate properties for controlling heat strain. one of the well-known pcms is paraffin. this study aimed to design the cooling vest from the cheap commercial paraffin compound and evaluation of its effectiveness under laboratory hot conditions. methods: the cooling vest was made of the polyester fabric and it had 17 aluminum packs. the ...

Paraffin (called kerosene in North America and other parts of the world) is the most commonly used fuel in ‎non-electrified dwellings worldwide. It is especially popular in Africa and South Asia. Although paraffin ‎offers many advantages-especially its comparatively low cost to produce-it poses two major risks of ‎injury. First, paraffin poisoning is common, either through ingestion or through ...

The necessity of pure water is rising each day, causes are population, industrial and agricultural expansion, worldwide. Due to the increasing population world fresh will become more serious problem in coming days. Hence, people around have work on different efficient methodology generate potable water. Solar still one among these methods acting device. In this paper, a review using PCM with ot...

Phase change materials are promising alternatives for solar energy harvesting by photothermal conversion and thermal storage. In this work, a shape-stabilized phase material (PCM) was prepared hot-melt blending of paraffin wax (PW), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), expanded graphite (EG) to investigate the storage performance using heat flux evolution curve. This study introduced curve first t...

leakage in water distribution networks causes waste of water and economical losses. in this paper a new method is presented to calculate nodal and pipes leakage in water distribution systems using capabilities of epanet2.10 software. the method estimate the total water losses in the system based on iwa methodology using minimum night flow (mnf) measurements. recognising the pressure dependency ...