Pharyngeal perforation is an uncommon injury in children. Most reported cases to date have been secondary to instrumentation or penetrating wounds. Laceration to the pharyngeal wall may introduce air, secretions and bacteria into the parapharyngeal space and mediastinum and consequently has potentially life-threatening sequelae. The management of these injuries is controversial. We present a se...

INTRODUCTION Narrow airway dimensions due to mandibular deficiency can predispose an individual to severe respiratory distress. Hence, treatment with mandibular advancement devices at an early age might help improving the pharyngeal passage and reduce the risk of respiratory difficulties. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the mean changes in the pharyngeal dimensions of ch...

The region ranging from the base of the skull to the clavicle includes many organs: the oral cavity, pharynx (epipharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx), nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, larynx, esophagus, thyroid gland, salivary glands (sublingual, submandibular, and parotid glands), blood vessels (cervical arteries and veins), nerves (cranial and spinal nerves), muscles, and bones (facial bones,...

objective: adaptation of the pharyngeal airway space does occur after different surgical strategies of class iii patients including mandibular setback, maxillary advancement and bimaxillary surgery. the aim of this study is to conduct a detailed cephalometric evaluation of the alterations taking place in the morphology of the pharyngeal airway space after treatment of class iii skeletal deformi...

In this work we use symplectic (para-)tt∗-bundles to obtain a geometric construction of (para-)pluriharmonic maps into the pseudoRiemannian symmetric space GL(2r,R)/Sp(R). We prove, that these (para-)pluriharmonic maps are exactly the admissible (para-)pluriharmonic maps. Moreover, we construct symplectic (para-)tt∗-bundles from (para-)harmonic bundles and analyse the related (para-)pluriharmon...

Introduction: Submandibular region is surgically significant in the head and neck field and a mass in this region may have multiple differential diagnoses.   Case Report: An elderly man came with a single 4×2.5 cm swelling in the neck on the right side, just below the lower jaw, since one month. Ultrasound showed an irregular heterogeneous hypoechoic les...

dear editor-in-chief   pilomatrixoma is a benign tumor of hair follicle first described as calcifying epithelium (1). it accounts for 1% of all the benign skin tumors (2). it is a slow-growing, firm, dermal or subcutaneous neoplasm, usually measuring fewer than 3 cm in diameter. pilomatricomas are considered benign; rarely recur after surgical excision (3). however, cases of pilomatrixoma with ...

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of craniofacial morphology on pharyngeal airway space (PAS) in individuals with normal sagittal skeletal pattern. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 adult female patients with skeletal Class I jaw relationship were included in the study. Lateral cephalograms were obtained and hand traced. Various soft and hard tissue points...