Here, we report on the spatial and temporal variation in sulphate-reducing bacterial community structure and activity in three hypersaline coastal pans. Community structure was determined using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Cluster analysis of DGGE patterns indicated that similar microbial populations were generally found in individual pans but varied from one pan to the other...

A novel attract-and-kill trap for olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae), was constructed with yellow corrugated plastic in an inverted cylindrical pan shape formed from a disk and collar. The trap components were tested under three greenhouse temperatures and humidities of warm, hot, and very hot for attractiveness to caged young or older adults. A greater proportion ...

Introduction: Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder with a number of different etiologies and disease mechanisms. Inflammatory and postinfectious autoimmune presentations of PANS occur frequently, with some clinical series documenting immune abnormalities in 75%–80% of patients. Thus, comprehensive treatment protocols must include immunolo...

Our knowledge of the ecology non-marine Ostracoda inhabiting endorheic wetlands (pans) semi-arid regions South Africa is very scarce. The present study investigates distribution ostracod species in grass, open, and salt pans central part North West province tests response to abiotic biotic predictor variables operating at a local scale. Distance-based linear models revealed three (pan type, wat...

To increase the fertility of neutral salt pans and improve their physico-chemical properties under intensive irrigation, it is necessary to apply a set measures. Reclamation saline soils should be aimed at reducing content exchangeable sodium in absorbing complex, improving chemical water-physical creating highly fertile root-inhabited soil layer. When developing flats irrigation conditions, bo...

A sensory role for ATP was proposed long before general acceptance of its extracellular role. ATP activates and sensitizes signal transmission at multiple sites along the sensory axis, across multiple synapses. P2X and P2Y receptors mediate ATP modulation of sensory pathways and participate in dysregulation, where ATP action directly on primary afferent neurons (PANs), linking receptive field t...

We propose a natural computational model called a balance machine. The computational model consists of components that resemble ordinary physical balances, each with an intrinsic property to automatically balance the weights on their left, right pans. If we start with certain fixed weights (representing inputs) on some of the pans, then the balance– like components would vigorously try to balan...