The positive effects of Polyacrylamide (PAM), which is used as a soil conditioner in furrow irrigation, on sediment transport, erosion, and infiltration have been investigated intensively in recent years. However, the effects of PAM have not been considered enough in irrigation system planning and design. As a result of increased infiltration because of PAM, advance time may be inversely affect...

Peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) catalyzes the amidation of glycine-extended peptides in neuroendocrine cells. At steady state, membrane PAM is accumulated in a perinuclear compartment. We examined the distribution of membrane PAM in stably transfected AtT-20 cells and compared its localization to markers for the trans-Golgi network (TGN), endosomes, and lysosomes. At the lig...

Recent developments of optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) have improved its spatial resolution and imaging speed. However, the penetration depth of OR-PAM is still limited to ~1 mm in tissue, owing to the strong tissue scattering. Here, we have developed double-illumination PAM (DI-PAM), which illuminates the sample from both top and bottom sides simultaneously. Through phanto...

Polyacrylamide (PAM) is applied to 400000 irrigated hectares annually in the USA to control irrigation-induced erosion, yet the fate of dissolved PAM applied in irrigation water is not well documented. We determined the fate of PAM added to furrow streams under two treatments: Initial-10, 10 mg L(-1) PAM product applied only during the initial hours of the irrigation, and Cont-1, 1.0 mg L(-1) P...

The purpose of this study was to examine the concurrent validity of the Personal Activity Monitor (PAM) accelerometer relative to the Actigraph accelerometer using oxygen consumption as a reference, and to assess the test-retest reliability of the PAM. Thirty-two fit, normal weight adults (aged 21-54) performed two activities, treadmill walking and stair walking, while wearing the PAM, the Acti...

BACKGROUND Amidation of the carboxyl terminal of many peptides is essential for full biological potency, often increasing receptor binding and stability. The single enzyme responsible for this reaction is peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM: EC 1.14.17.3), a copper- and ascorbate-dependent Type I membrane protein. METHODS To make large amounts of high molecular weight amidated prod...

Protein associated with Myc (PAM) is a giant E3 ubiquitin ligase of 510 kDa. Although the role of PAM during neuronal development is well established, very little is known about its function in the regulation of synaptic strength. Here we used multiepitope ligand cartography (MELC) to study protein network profiles associated with PAM during the modulation of synaptic strength. MELC is a novel ...

High molecular weight, linear polyacrylamide (PAM) with anionic charge is added to agricultural soils as an anti-erosion additive. Research indicates that soil microorganisms are able to utilize PAM as a source of N and that inorganic N pools are altered in some PAM-treated soils. The potential role of hydrdlytic amidase activity in the microbial utilization of PAM for N was investigated. Intra...

BACKGROUND Although Pneumatic Artificial Muscle (PAM) has a promising future in rehabilitation robots, it's difficult to realize accurate position control due to its highly nonlinear properties. OBJECTIVE This paper deals with position control of PAM. METHODS To describe the hysteresis inside PAM, a polynomial based phenomenological function is developed. Based on the phenomenological model...

A novel route was introduced to synthesize dense polyacrylamide (PAM) onto the glass slide surface. To investigate the surface chemistry of the PAM on the glass slides, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was utilized to obtain detailed chemical state information on the PAM layer constituents. The XPS peak data were consistent with the presented model of the PAM on the glass slide surface. S...