Palmaris longus, phylogenetically a retrogressive muscle, exhibits significant anatomical variations compared to other muscles of the upper extremity. It is of great surgical importance because, it is the first option tendon for graft procedures in various cosmetic, plastic and reconstructive surgeries. It has also been widely used in various tendon transfer procedures in treating facial paraly...

During routine cadaveric dissection, we encountered multiple muscular anomalies in a 58-year-old embalmed male cadaver. All the variations were encountered on the flexor compartment of right upper limb. The anomalies include an axillary arch (Aa) in the axilla, a third head of biceps brachii (Thb) in the arm, a reverse palmaris longus (Rpl) and a Gantzer's muscle (Gm) in the forearm and an unus...

Introduction: Advanced lip carcinomas can invade adjacent structures. Performing surgery for these cancers will lead to defects in this anatomically and functionally important area and will cause post-op difficulties such as drooling, speech alterations and aesthetic considerations, if not properly managed. Case Report: In this study, we will introduce a radial forearm free flap with palmari...

Acute rupture of flexor tendons following distal radius fracture is very rare. We experienced four cases of acute rupture of flexor tendons that were treated surgically. Injured tendons included flexor pollicis longus, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus and third flexor digitorum profundus. A severely displaced fracture with a volar spike of the distal radius was detected on plain radiograp...

background: palmaris longus (pl) is a muscle with marked variations. it is harvested as a tendon graft in many surgical proceduresin which a certain length of tendon is required. the aims of the present study were to determine the variations of this tendon in iranian population and to find whether the length of pl tendon could be estimated by measuring the forearm length and height.   methods: ...

1 Koichi Ueda, MD, PhD Takashi Nuri, MD, PhD Yuki Otsuki, MD, PhD Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Osaka Medical College Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan Sir, I soft tissue with muscle is resected because of tumor invasion, muscle function is lost. The face has soft tissues with free borders, for example, lips, eyelids, and soft palate. If they are reconstructed without functional moveme...