INTRODUCTION Muhiphase reactors with fixed beds of catalyst particles contacted by either cocurrent downflow (Trickle-Bed Reactors) or cocurrent upflow (Packed Bed Column) of gas and liquid, are widely used in petroleum, petrochemical and chemical industries, environmental, biochemical and electrochemical processing, etc In many cases the gaseous reactant is sparingly soluble in the liquid phas...

The synthesis of citronellyl butyrate by direct esterification reaction catalyzed by immobilized lipase from Candida rugosa was studied in a continuous packed bed reactor using n-hexane as organic solvent. Parameters such as residence time, temperature, and pH were examined. The optimum conversion was obtained at a flow rate of 1 ml/min (residence time 8 min), temperature of 50 °C, and pH 7.5. ...

Two commercial proteases from Bacillus licheniformis (Alcalase 2.4 L FG and Alcalase 2.5 L, Type DX) were screened for the production of Z-Ala-Phe-NH2 in batch reaction. Alcalase 2.4 L FG was the most efficient enzyme for the C-terminal amidation of Z-Ala-Phe-OMe using ammonium carbamate as ammonium source. Immobilization of protease has been achieved by the sol-gel method, using dimethyldimeth...