Elevated tanks are important structures in storing vital products, such as petroleum products for cities and industrial facilities, as well as water storage. These structures have various types and are constructed in a way that a greater portion of their weight is concentrated at an elevation much about the base. Damage to these structures during strong ground motions may lead to fire or other ...

Elevated tanks are very important structures and consist of various types. Water supply is vital to control fires during earthquakes. Also they are utilized to store different products, like petroleum supplies in cities and industrial zones. Damage to these structures during strong ground motions may lead to fire or other hazardous events. Elevated tanks should stay functional after and before ...

The response of the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) to wind stress forcing is investigated from an observational standpoint, using four time series of overturning transports below and relative to 1000m, overlapping by 3.6 yr. These time series are derived from four mooring arrays located on the western boundary of the North Atlantic: the RAPIDWestern Atlantic Variability...

The ocean’s overturning circulation is inherently three-dimensional, yet modern quantitative estimates of the overturning typically represent the subsurface circulation as a two-dimensional, two-cell streamfunction that varies with latitude and depth only. This approach suppresses information about zonal mass and tracer transport. In this article, the authors extend earlier, zonally averaged ov...

Published reconstructions of radiocarbon in the Atlantic sector of the SouthernOcean indicate that there is a mid-depthmaximum in radiocarbon age during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). This is in contrast to themodern oceanwhere intensemixing betweenwater masses results in a relatively homogenous radiocarbon profile. Ferrari et al. (2014) suggested that the extended Antarctic sea ice cover duri...

The rise of an effluent emerging from the diffusers of the submarine sewage outfall of a small town (15000 PE) is numerically simulated with a model of initial dilution. Results were evaluated using the vertical distribution of faecal coliforms that were analyzed for two field surveys at the central position. In addition to that, the overturning length scale was calculated from vertical profile...

The ocean’s overturning circulation and associated heat transport are divided into contributions based on water mass ventilation from 1) shallow overturning within the wind-driven subtropical gyres to the base of the thermocline, 2) overturning into the intermediate depth layer (500–2000 m) in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, and 3) overturning into the deep layers in the North Atlantic (N...

and the gravitational acceleration g = −gẑ. While this a configuration can satisfy hydrostatic balance, infinitesimal perturbations on the interface separating the two fluids at z = H/2 will grow exponentially, leading to overturning. The energy available for overturning can be estimated by considering the fluid energetics. The average potential energy (per unit volume) of the system described ...