In this study, morphometric measures of placental terminal villi and villous vessels were compared in overt, as well as gestational diabetes mellitus, and mild hyperglycemia diagnosed by oral 100 g glucose tolerance test (100 g-OGTT) and glucose profile (GP). At delivery (gestational age> or =34 weeks) a total of 207 placentas were assigned to a control group (n=56) or to one of three groups co...

BACKGROUND High levels of the soluble fragment of CD40 ligand (sCD40L) have previously been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. CD40L-CD40 interaction has been linked to the pathogenesis of atherothrombotic complications in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We sought to determine whether a "package of care" of intensified multifactorial cardiovascular risk intervention could reduce ind...

sis and cell growth may happen also via the insulin receptor, but only in certain cell types, particularly in cultured human breast cancer7. So, in addition to steroid hormones4, polypeptide growth hormones (insulin-like factors and insulin itself) are thought to play an important role in regulation of breast tumor proliferation8. Insulin resistance, a common feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus...

OBJECTIVE Although diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, the underlying mechanisms leading to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) remain poorly understood. The study was designed to assess the risk factors for LVDD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study cohort included 101 a...

Diabetic animal models play critical roles in the elucidation of the mechanisms of diabetes mellitus and the complications, and in the development of novel drugs as treatments. Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Lepr fa (SDT fatty) rat, established by introducing the fa allele of the Zucker fatty rat into SDT rat genome, is a new model of obese type 2 diabetes. We have investigated the characteristic...

1. Type 1 diabetes (due to autoimmune b-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency) 2. Type 2 diabetes (due to a progressive loss ofb-cell insulin secretion frequently on the background of insulin resistance) 3. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (diabetes diagnosed in the second or third trimester of pregnancy that was not clearly overt diabetes prior to gestation) 4. Sp...

a. All patients with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by microalbuminuria or overt nephropathy should be treated with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), independent of blood pressure and GFR. (Level I evidence, greater for Type 1 than Type 2). There is no evidence that any specific ACEI offers any advantage over the class effect. b. Hypertensive diabetics without a...

A 92-year-old man was referred to our endoscopy department for overt obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) investigation, thus a capsule endoscopy (CE) -PillCam@ SB2 (Given Imaging Ltd., Yoqneam, Israel) was performed. As comorbidities, he had Parkinson disease and diabetes mellitus. The patient had no prior history of dysphagia or cerebrovascular events and the device was ingested under the...

The metabolic syndrome—the cluster of obesity, impaired fasting glucose, elevated triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and hypertension—may not be a “real” syndrome in the strict sense. It can, however, still be a useful concept if it prompts a physician to look for and treat additional risk factors when a patient is found to have one risk factor, or if it helps persuade pat...