PURPOSE To enhance the immunogenicity of the model subunit vaccine, ovalbumin (OVA) was combined with platycodin (PD), a saponin adjuvant. To reduce the toxicity of PD, OVA, and adjuvant were loaded together into liposomes before being incorporated into a dissolving microneedle array. METHODS OVA- and PD-loaded liposomes (OVA-PD-Lipos) were prepared using the film dispersion method. Their upt...

Recombinant influenza viruses that bear the single immunodominant CD8+ T cell epitope OVA(257-264) or the CD4+ T cell epitope OVA₃₂₃₋₃₃₉ of the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) have been useful tools in immunology. Here, we generated a recombinant influenza virus, WSN-OVA(I/II), that bears both OVA-specific CD8+ and CD4+ epitopes on its hemagglutinin molecule. Live and heat-inactivated WSN-OVA(I/I...

Entrapment of antigens in mucoadhesive nanoparticles prepared from N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) has been shown to increase their immunogenicity. However, because of their large size compared to soluble antigens, particles poorly diffuse through the nasal epithelium. The aim of this work was to study whether nasal vaccination with a much smaller TMC-antigen nanoconjugate would result in higher ant...

BACKGROUND Viral infections are the most frequent cause of asthma exacerbations and are linked to increased airway reactivity (AR) and inflammation. Mice infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) during ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway inflammation (OVA/RSV) had increased AR compared with OVA or RSV mice alone. Furthermore, interleukin 17A (IL-17A) was only increased in OVA/RSV mic...

Abstract Metal nanoparticles have been exploited as vaccine delivery platforms for various diseases. In particular, Ag and Au NPs of different size shape shown to promote antigens act efficient adjuvants. Yet, there is limited description cuboidal nanocubes (AgNCs) nanocages (AuNCs) antigen carriers vaccination. Here, we first investigated the intrinsic protein binding ability AgNCs AuNCs, usin...

It has long been known that protein antigen conjugated with polyethylene glycol (PEG), a nonimmunogenic artificial polymer, induces immune tolerance of antigen-specific Th cells. However, the mechanism of this tolerance induction remains unknown. In this study, the response and differentiation of ovalbumin (OVA)-specific CD4 Th cells upon exposure to tolerogenic PEG conjugate of OVA (PEG-OVA) w...

We examined the role of the interleukin-8 (IL-8) receptor in a murine model of allergen-induced pulmonary inflammation using mice with a targeted deletion of the murine IL-8 receptor homologue (IL-8r-/-). Wild-type (Wt) and IL-8r-/- mice were systemically immunized to ovalbumin (OVA) and were exposed with either single or multiple challenge of aerosolized phosphate-buffered saline (OVA/PBS) or ...

During 12 months of sampling, from 17 stations, 327 specimens of Soboor fish Tenualosa ilisha, including 120 females, 113 males and 86 immature were caught. Total length (TL) of the fishes was 120-500mm. Maximum diameters of soboor ova 0.795mm and the ova with diameter more than 0.7 mm released at one spawning round. Temporal and spatial distribution of ova diameter corresponding to GSI changes...

During an ongoing immune response, immune complexes, composed of Ag, complement factors, and Igs, are formed that can interact with complement receptors (CRs) and IgG Fc receptors (Fc gamma R). The role of CR1/2 and Fc gamma R in the regulation of the immune response was investigated using OVA that was chemically conjugated to whole IgG of the rat anti-mouse CR1/2 mAb 7G6. FACS analysis using t...