An atmosphere of crisis enhances the power, especially of the Executive Branch, to frame and shape the characterization, understanding, and reality of conflict. This Article addresses the language, rhetoric, status, and legality of “war” by examining the complexity of decision-making for policy-makers in the aftermath of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. It does so by looking both in...

Ultrasound evaluation for hip joint effusion is made using an anterior approach parallel to the longitudinal axis of the femoral neck. At the junction of the femoral neck and head the normal capsular margin should follow this bony contour with evaluation looking to assess outward capsular displacement by fluid or other pathology. If fluid is seen its echotexture should be determined as purely h...

Characterizing datasets like this can be helpful to others. The use of looking glass servers gives very up-to-date sets of links. This paper demonstrates that it also provides a large data set, whereas prior work appears to have only used LG servers to verify data collected from other sources. The study highlights the utility of the looking glass servers for collecting this additional informati...

St Helena is a non-sovereign British Overseas Territory located in the South Atlantic Ocean. When full citizenship was removed 1981, migration destinations were reduced to Ascension Island and Falkland Islands. The islanders of are not only transnational; they trans-islander. With return 2002, many Helenians migrated UK, depleting population on island, creating doubts regarding island’s future....

Abstract While literature has already recognized the relational and collective impact of data processing, there is still limited understanding how this affects design legislative instruments. We submit that legislators must recognize trade-offs between one’s own interests, interests other individuals, or societal more explicitly in regulating data. To frame our analysis, we rely on a twofold de...

How do states present themselves as inclusive towards migrants and their citizens? This article traces the discourse-to-audience framework through an analysis of Scottish government's rhetoric on distinctiveness its effect how young see Scotland. In order, we examine discourse is constructed conveyed a close examination First Minister Nicola Sturgeon's public speeches. Through examples given, i...

As nations fail to meet their climate emission mitigation goals, the ambition gap is widening between international policy (enacted by United Nations) and domestic (what propose enact). A widely held but little verified conventional wisdom exists that over-promise internationally under-deliver domestically. While data exist directly test this hypothesis, we documented constructing heuristic ind...

the emergence of new general issues and their complexity, has created new areas of thought called good policymaking. in this study based on a mixed consecutive explorational research, and through the feasibility study of applications of good policy making in the executive branch and by using interviews with the cabinet ministers of 10th and 11th iranian governments, the facilitating inter-organ...