We propose a simple method to impose both no-slip boundary conditions at fluid-wall interfaces and at outflow boundaries in fully developed regions for Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) fluid systems. The procedure to enforce the no-slip condition is based on a velocity-dependent shear force, which is a generalized force to represent the presence of the solid-wall particles and to maintain lo...

Relativistic outflows (mainly observed in the radio) are a characteristic feature of both Galactic stellar mass black holes and supermassive black holes (SMBHs). Simultaneous radio and X-ray observations of Galactic sources have shown that the outflow is strong at low accretion rates, but it weakens dramatically or disappears completely at high accretion rates, manifesting structural changes in...

External digesta markers (Yb-labelled diets and Co-EDTA) were given orally as a pulse dose to four pairs of Rasa Aragonesa twin ewe lambs, fed on either chopped or ground and pelleted lucerne hay, in order to estimate slow (k1) and fast (k2) rates of passage of liquid and solid phase from faecal marker excretion curves. After the faecal sampling period daily doses of the same markers were infus...

Factors affecting water and nutrient outflow beyond the rooting zone were studied during a 3-yr period, using data from eight contrasting stands of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia) forest in southeastern Wyoming and the output of a hydrologic simulation model (H20TRANS) based on tree physiology. Nutrient outflow during a specific time period was estimated by multiplying simulated ...

The road environment can affect driver speed choice through influencing both the driver’s perception of their current speed, and the speed that they think is appropriate for the road. These influences and their effects on speed can therefore affect crash rates. This report reviews the influence of various factors within the road environment, including the geometry of the road, the roadside envi...

We present the results of a uniform analysis of the soft X-ray spectra of fifteen type I AGN observed with the high resolution X-ray gratings on board Chandra. We found that ten of the fifteen AGN exhibit signatures of an intrinsic ionized absorber. The absorbers are photoionized and outflowing, with velocities in the range ∼ 10−10 km s. The column density of the warm absorbing gas is ∼ 10cm. N...

ABSTRACT We use the 30 simulations of Auriga Project to estimate temporal dependency inflow, outflow, and net accretion rates onto discs Milky Way-like galaxies. The are found be similar for all galaxies at early times, increasing rapidly up $\sim 10~\mathrm{M}_\odot \, \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$. After ∼6 Gyr evolution, however, diverse: in most galaxies, these exhibit an exponential-like decay, but so...