As businesses and governments integrate OpenStreetMap (OSM) into their services in ways that require comprehensive coverage, there is a need to expand research outside of major urban areas and consider the strength of the map in smaller cities. A place-specific inquiry into the OSM contributor sets in small cities allows an intimate look at user motives, locations, and editing habits that are r...

The authors have studied oncostatin M secretory activity of cells of two lines of transplantable melanoma with different biological properties. The level of OSM in melanoma cells supernatant was determined by ELISA test and OSM bioactivity was measured by using biotest line sensitive to OSM cytostatic activity--A 375 melanoma cells. OSM presence was confirmed in cellular lysates by western blot...

OpenStreetMap (OSM) contributors are free to apply any tags (key-value pairs) they wish to geographic objects in the OSM database. Guidance for tagging is provided by many sources (Wikis, OSM editors, mailing lists, etc). In general contributors do not always follow these guidelines. In this paper we develop an approach to extract and analyse patterns of tagging of OSM data in urban areas. We f...

BACKGROUND The term osteomyelitis (OSM) was first coined by Nelaton in 1844. Waldvogel et al, Cierny-Mader, May et al classifications of OSM from developed countries and Meier et al's from Nigeria have been described. OBJECTIVE This new classification was developed to highlight significant pathology seen in developing countries not covered by existing classifications. DESIGN A prospective s...

BACKGROUND During the first trimester of pregnancy, trophoblastic E-cadherin expression is down-regulated, thereby allowing extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) to acquire the potential for migration and invasiveness. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of OSM on the migration and proliferation of EVT cell line HTR8/SVneo with regard to its effects on the expression of E-cadher...

Mutation in the Caenorhabditis elegans gene osm-6 was previously shown to result in defects in the ultrastructure of sensory cilia and defects in chemosensory and mechanosensory behaviors. We have cloned osm-6 by transposon tagging and transformation rescue and have identified molecular lesions associated with five osm-6 mutations. The osm-6 gene encodes a protein that is 40% identical in amino...

BACKGROUND Regulation of human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMC) by cytokines contributes to chemotactic factor levels and thus to inflammatory cell accumulation in lung diseases. Cytokines such as the gp130 family member Oncostatin M (OSM) can act synergistically with Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) to modulate lung cells, however whether IL-17A responses by HASMC can be altered is not known. ...

Oncostatin M (OSM), a member of the IL-6 superfamily of cytokines, is elevated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and, in synergy with IL-1, promotes cartilage degeneration by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). We have previously shown that OSM induces MMP and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3) gene expression in chondrocytes by protein tyrosine kinase-dependent mechanisms. In t...

Oncostatin M (OSM) is a member of the IL-6/LIF (or gp130) cytokine family, and its potential role in inflammation is supported by a number of activities identified in vitro. In this study, we investigate the action of murine OSM on expression of the CC chemokine eotaxin by fibroblasts in vitro and on mouse lung tissue in vivo. Recombinant murine OSM stimulated eotaxin protein production and mRN...

Cytokines play an important role in creating an inflammatory microenvironment, which is now considered a hallmark of cancer. Although tumor cells can exploit cytokine signaling to promote growth, invasion, and metastasis, the response of normal and premalignant epithelial cells to cytokines present in a developing tumor microenvironment remains unclear. Oncostatin M (OSM), an IL-6 family cytoki...