In last few decades there is exponential increase in use of organophosphorus (OP) compounds as pesticides and insecticides leading to adverse effect on human population and live stock. There is a great need to develop portable analytical tools that are amenable for remediation and bioremediation process monitoring, where rapid analysis of large number of samples is essential. Determination of v...

Binding of the endocannabinoid anandamide or of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol to the agonist site of the cannabinoid receptor (CB1) is commonly assayed with [3H]CP 55,940. Potent long-chain alkylfluorophosphonate inhibitors of agonist binding suggest an additional, important and closely-coupled nucleophilic site, possibly undergoing phosphorylation. We find that the CB1 receptor is also sensiti...

An evaluation of toxic effects of three organophosphorus pesticides viz. monocrotophos, methyl parathion and dimethoate given orally daily for 90 days was done in terms of enzymatic changes in plasma and liver of female albino rats. A significant decrease was observed in the level of esterases in plasma with all the three pesticides. The activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases and aminotrans...

We describe a unique UV-visible absorption spectral property of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (THPP) in the presence of organophosphorus (OP) pesticides. Upon titrating each 16 among total 40 different OP pesticides, the Soret band was significantly red-shifted, and a very intense Q band appeared. They were attributed to the diprotonation of THPP. A suitable solvent for this rea...

In this paper, we reported the construction of a hybrid biosensor for direct, highly selective, sensitive, and rapid quantitative determination of organophosphate pesticides with p-nitrophenyl substituent using purified organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) for the initial hydrolysis and Arthrobacter sp. JS443 for subsequent p-nitrophenol oxidation. The biocatalytic layer was prepared by co-immobili...

The use of organophosphorus pesticides results in toxicity risk to non-target organisms. Organophosphorus compounds share a common mode of action, exerting their toxic effects primarily via acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. Consequently, acetylcholine accumulates in the synaptic clefts of muscles and nerves, leading to overstimulation of cholinergic receptors. Acute cholinergic crisis imm...

Organophosphorus Pesticide Poisoning Self-poisoning with Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides is a major problem across the Asia Pacific region. They cause the majority of poisoning deaths in India, except in some northern areas where aluminium phosphide predominates. There is no effective treatment for aluminium phosphide poisoning; in contrast, moderately effective treatments and antidotes exist ...

A survey of pesticide residues in 316 baby foods on the Tokyo market from April 1999 to June 2005 was carried out. Fifteen kinds of pesticides, including organophosphorus, organochlorine, carbamate, pyrethroid and others, were detected between at levels Tr (below 0.01 ppm) and 0.55 ppm from 28 samples. The baby foods in which residual pesticides were detected were produced from flour, leaf vege...