The emission intensity of an organic light-emitting diode at normal viewing angle and the total external emission efficiency have been increased by factors of 9.6 and 3.0, respectively, by applying spherically shaped patterns to the back of the device substrate. The technique captures light previously lost to waveguiding in the substrate and, with proper choice of substrate, light previously lo...

In the wake of the increasing importance of organic electronics, a more in-depth understanding of the early stages of organic film growth is indispensable. In this review a survey of several rod-like and plate-like organic molecules (p-quaterphenyl, p-sexiphenyl, hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HATCN), rubicene, indigo) deposited on various application relevant substrates (gold, silver, m...

Soft, conformable electrical contacts provide efficient, noninvasive probes for the transport properties of chemically and mechanically fragile, ultrathin organic semiconducting films. When combined with high-resolution printing and lamination techniques, these soft contacts also form the basis of a powerful technique for fabricating flexible plastic circuits. In this approach, a thin elastomer...

INTRODUCTION A number of studies on enzymatic reactions have been carried out in organic media. These reactions have several benefits compared with conventional organic synthesis, including high enantioselectivity, substrate specificity and low energy consumption. There are, however, several drawbacks in using organic solvents. Volatile organic solvents are often flammable and toxic to the envi...

A homogenous TiO2 / multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) composite film were prepared by electrophoretic co-deposition from organic suspension on a stainless steel substrate.  In this study, MWCNTs was incorporated to the coating because of their long structure and their capability to be functionalized by different inorganic groups on the surface. FTIR spectroscopy showed the existence of...

Renal transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are of significant clinical concern, as they can adversely impact drug disposition, efficacy, and toxicity. Emerging evidence suggests that human renal organic cation transporter 2 (hOCT2) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins 1 and 2-K (hMATE1/2-K) exhibit substrate-dependent inhibition, but their impact on renal drug secretion and ...