Novel nitrophenol solid supports based on various resin materials (polystyrene, TentaGel, macroporous, PEGA, and silica gel) are reported for facile amide and sulfonamide library synthesis. The broad choice of resin materials available will allow the reaction to occur successfully in solvents ranging from nonpolar organic solvents to aqueous media.

To discuss the reduction of formaldehyde and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from engineered flooring, cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL)-formaldehyde (CF) resin and CF/PVAc resin were applied for the maple face of the veneer bonding on plywood. The CF resin was used to replace urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin in the formaldehyde-based resin system in order to reduce formaldehyde and VOC emis...

We have tested the limits of gaseous hydrogen fluoride as an agent for parallel detachment of organic molecules from the solid support. Peptides were chosen as relatively sensitive models for this reaction. Acid-catalyzed amide bond hydrolysis, side chain modification (tryptophan and other unnatural amino acids) by the protecting group residues as well as dehydration of serine and asparagine wa...

Hitherto the MEMS field has evolved with the semiconductor industry where silicon is the predominant material. As the MEMS sector expands and diversifies, research focuses on new optimised materials with respect to the functional requirements (e.g. low cost, flexibility, optical transparency, biocompatibility and large surface) of future electronic devices [1]. To this end, substituting rigid i...

BACKGROUND Being able to estimate (predict) the final spectrum of reflectance of a biomaterial, especially when the final color and appearance are fundamental for their clinical success (as is the case of dental resin composites), could be a very useful tool for the industrial development of these type of materials. The main objective of this study was the development of predictive models which...

Current water treatment technologies are inefficient at treating water contaminated with metaldehyde, an 8-member cyclic tetramer of acetaldehyde widely used as a molluscicide in large-scale agriculture and in gardens, and which has been frequently observed to breach European regulatory limits in the UK due to its high solubility and frequent use. Here, we examine the controls on metaldehyde ad...

Wood liquefaction using an organic solvent and an acid catalyst has long been studied as a novel technique to utilize biomass as an alternative to petroleum-based products. Oxalic acid is a weaker organic acid than a mineral acid and wood liquefaction with oxalic acid as a catalyst will result in a higher amount of wood residue than that with a mineral acid. Yet the wood residue can be used as ...

Polymer concrete (PC) is a composite material in which the binder consists entirely of a synthetic organic polymer. It is variously known as synthetic resin concrete, plastic resin concrete or simply resin concrete. Because the use of a polymer instead of Portland cement represents a substantial increase in cost, polymers should be used only in applications in which the higher cost can be justi...

AIMS To evaluate effects of exposure to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) on urinary excretion of bisphenol A, and plasma gonadotrophic hormones and testosterone in male epoxy resin sprayers. METHODS Cross sectional study of 42 workers whose job was to spray epoxy resin hardening agents including BADGE and mixed organic solvents, and 42 matched control workers without BADGE use in the same...

Modified Hedley fraction method was used to study the forms and profile distribution in the tidal river network region subjected to rapid deposition and hydrologic disturbance in the Yellow River Delta (YRD) estuary, eastern China. The results showed that the total P (Pt) ranged from 612.1 to 657.8 mg kg(-1). Dilute HCl extractable inorganic P (Pi) was the predominant form in all profiles, both...