Less than 100 years after Mosely’s statement, Hubbs (1959) contemplated the ‘scientific interests, particularly in respect to zoogeography and speciation’ of recently discovered submerged mountains in the Pacific Ocean. Approximately 14,000 seamounts, undersea mountains peaking below sea level (Wessel, 2001; Kitchingman & Lai, 2004), rise up from the ocean bottom. Like terrestrial mountains (Br...

this study explores identity elements of tehran province in travel writings with concentration on symbols in urban planning and architecture. on one hand, symbolic representation of a city plays a crucial role in identity making and on the other hand special provinces and cities like tehran are important in echoing contemporary iranian national identity and are highly closed to today’s iran. in...

Existing evidence seems to indicate that Muslims in Scotland have constructed hyphenated or hybrid identities that draw on religion, ethnicity and nationality. However, minor attention has been given to the differences in importance, meanings, and strengths of these identities, or the significance of their identity markers. Ethnic minority people can be identified with both their ethnic groups ...

abstract: the national identity is one of the most essential components of define any person from self and play a crucial role in contemporary world equations. the nature of national identity in any society depends on its status and the constructive dimensions and consequently the nature of its status and the constructive dimensions will have different results in various societies. therefore, u...